PHARMACEUTICS- VI PY-501(COSMETIC TECHNOLOGY)
Fundamental of cosmetic science. Structure and functions of skin and hair. Formulation
considerations, preparation, packaging and evaluation of the following categories of cosmetics-
Face Preparation: Face powder, Compact powder, Talcum powder, Face packs and Masks.
Skin Preparation: Skin creams, Anti-wrinkle preparations, Barrier materials, Protective
creams and gels, Vanishing creams, Cold creams, Cleansing creams, all purpose creams,
emollient, Anti-perspirant,/ deodorant, Moisturising and foundation formulation. Bleaching
creams, Night and Massage creams, Hand creams, Protective skin tonics, Skin moisturizers,
Sun-screen, Suntan, and anti-sun burn preparation.
Shaving Preparation: Lather shaving stick, Lather shaving creams, Shaving foams, Shaving
gels, Pre-and After shave lotions.
Shampoo and Bath preparations: Clear liquid shampoos. Aerosol shampoos, dry
shampoos, Acid-balanced shampoos, Egg shampoos, Anti-dandruff Shampoos, Bath oils,
Foam baths.
Hair Preparations: Hair tonics, Hair conditioners, Hair lotions, Hair sprays, Hair dressings,
Hair setting lotions and creams, Hair dyes, Bleaches, Hair waiving, Hair straightners and
Hair strengthners.
Dentrifice: Tooth powders, Tooth pastes, Denture cleansers.
Foot Preparation: Foot powders, Foot sprays, Foot creams, Corn preparations and
Athelete’s foot preparation.
Manicure Preparation: Nail polish, Nail lacquers and Nail bleaches.
Herbal Cosmetics: Cosmetics containing Aloe, Babul, Brahmi, Chandan, Cucumber, Haldi,
Jatamansi, Khus, Mehandi, Neem, Reetha, Shikakai, Tulsi, Arnica, Bhringraj and Volatile
oils .
LIST OF PRACTICALS:
1. Prepare, Pack and Evaluate Compact Powder.
2. Prepare and Pack Face Mask.
3. Prepare and Evaluate Talcum Powder.
4. Prepare and Evaluate Vanishing Cream.
5. Prepare and Evaluate Cold Cream.
6. Prepare and Evaluate Cleansing Cream.
7. Prepare and Evaluate Emollient Cream.
8. Prepare and Evaluate Sunscreen preparation.
9. Prepare and Evaluate After shave lotion.
10. Prepare and Evaluate Lather shaving cream.
11. Prepare and Evaluate Simple shampoo (Soap based).
12. Prepare and Evaluate Acid balanced shampoo.
13. Prepare and Evaluate Egg shampoo.
14. Prepare and Evaluate Anti-dandruff Shampoo.
15. Prepare and Evaluate Hair conditioner.
16. Prepare and Evaluate Tooth Powder.
17. Prepare and Evaluate Tooth Paste.
18. Prepare, Pack and Evaluate Lipsticks.
19. Prepare, Pack and Evaluate Nail lacquer.
20. Prepare and submit Herbal preparations. (Atleast 5 different types)
PHARMACEUTICS- VII PY-502 (DISPENSING, COMMUNITY AND HOSPITAL
PHARMACY)
Dispensing Pharmacy:
Prescription, Handling of prescription, Sources of errors in prescription, Care required in
dispensing prescriptions. Brief introduction of commonly used Latin terms in prescription.
General Dispensing Procedures including labeling of dispensed products.
Principles involved and procedures adopted in dispensing of typical prescriptions- Powders,
Solutions, Mixtures, Emulsions, Lotions & Liniments.
Physical, Chemical and Therapeutic incompatibilities, Incompatibility of common occurrence
and their correction.
Basis of posology, Detection of over doses in prescription, knowledge of prophylactic and
therapeutic doses with route of administration.
Community Pharmacy:
Organisation and structure of retail and wholesale drug stores, Legal requirements for
establishment and maintenance. Dispensing of proprietary products, Maintenance of records of
retail and wholesaler, Patient counseling, Role of Pharmacist in community health care and
education, Hazards of medication.
A brief study of propritory products available in the market belonging to Chemotherapeutics,
Vitamins, Anti-histaminics, expectorants and NSAID’S category.
Hospital Pharmacy:
Organization and structure:
Organization of a hospital pharmacy, responsibilities of a hospital
pharmacist, pharmacy and therapeutic committee.
Hospital Formulary: Contents, preparation and revision of hospital formulary.
LIST OF PRACTICALS:
1. Prepare and Dispense Simple Powder.
2. Prepare and Dispense Compound Powder.
3. Prepare and Dispense Powder containing small doses.
4. Prepare and Dispense Powder containing liquids.
5. Prepare and Dispense Powder containing liquefiable substances.
6. Prepare and Dispense Powder containing hygroscopic and deliquescent substances.
7. Prepare and Dispense Powder containing efflorescent materials.
8. Prepare and Dispense effervescent granules.
9. Prepare and Dispense Dusting Powder.
10. Prepare and Dispense Simple Mixture containing Soluble substances only.
11. Prepare and Dispense Mixture containing Diffusible solids.
12. Prepare and Dispense Mixture containing Indiffusible solids.
13. Prepare and Dispense Mixture containing Precipitate forming liquids.
14. Prepare and Dispense Mixture containing Slightly soluble liquids.
15. Prepare and Dispense Mixture containing Small doses of potent medicaments.
16. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Physical Incompability (Incomplete
Solution).
17. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Physical Incompability (Precipitation).
18. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Physical Incompability (Separation of
immiscible liquids).
19. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Chemical Incompability (Alkaloidal salts
with alkaline substances).
20. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Chemical Incompability (Alkaloidal salts
with soluble iodides).
21. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Chemical Incompability (Alkaloidal salts
with salicylates).
22. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Chemical Incompability (Alkaloidal salts
with benzoates).
23. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Chemical Incompability (Soluble
salicylates with acids-Tolerated Incompatability).
24. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Chemical Incompability (Soluble
salicylates with acids-Adjust Incompatability).
25. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Chemical Incompability (Soluble benzoates
with acids-Tolerated Incompatability).
26. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Chemical Incompability (Soluble benzoates
with acids-Adjusted Incompatability).
27. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Chemical Incompability (Soluble
salicylates with ferric salts).
28. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Chemical Incompability (Soluble benzoates
with ferric salts).
29. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Chemical Incompability (Evolution of
carbon dioxide).
30. Prepare and Dispense prescription possessing Chemical Incompability of emulsifying
agents.
31. Prepare and Dispense Emulsion containing Volatile oils.
32. Prepare and Dispense Emulsion containing Fixed oils.
33. Prepare and Dispense Emulsion containing Oleoresins.
34. Prepare and Dispense Calamine lotion.
35. Prepare and Dispense turpentine liniment.
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY -VI PY-503 (MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY- I)
Introduction to medicinal chemistry
Principles of drug discovery: Basic principles of medicinal chemistry, physicochemical and steric aspects (optical, geometric and bioisosterism) of drug molecules and biological actions.
Receptors and drug action: Receptor theories, affinity, receptor and biologic response.
Drug metabolism: Phase I (biotransformation reactions), phase II (conjugation reactions), factor affecting drug metabolism.
Prodrugs and drug latentiation: Basic concepts, prodrug of functional groups, bioprecursor prodrugs, chemical delivery system.
Classification and mode of action, uses, structure activity relationship including physicochemical, steric aspects and resents advances in research of the following categories of drugs:
Drugs affecting neurotransmission
Drugs affecting cholinergic neurotransmission: Neurochemistry and stereochemistry of acetylcholine, acetylcholine mimetics-muscarinic agonists, acetlycholinesterase inhibitors, acetylcholine antagonists-muscarinic anatagonists, nicotinc antagonists-neuromuscular blocking agents, ganglionic blocking agents.
Drugs affecting adrenergic neurotransmission: Neurochemistry and stereochemistry of norepinephrine, sympathomimetic agents, sympatholytic agents, drugs affecting catecholamine biosynthesis, drugs affecting catecholamine storage and release, ergot alkaloids, xanthine bronchodilators
Drugs affecting serotonergic neurotransmission: Neurochemistry and stereochemistry of serotonin, 5-HT agonists, 5-HT antagonists.
Local anesthetics: Molecular mechanism of action, chemical aspects.
Drugs affecting immune systems
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents: Chemistry of chemical mediators of inflammation (prostaglandins, thromboxanes, prostacyclin and leukotrienes), antipyretic analgesics.
Antihistaminics and related antiallergics: Neurochemistry and stereochemistry of histamine, inhibitor of histamine release (mast cell stabilizers), inhibitors of released histamine, dual acting antihistaminics; H2 antagonists, H3 antagonists.
LIST OF PRACTICALS:
(
Minimum fifteen experiments should be performed in the semester. Student should aware with safety parameters and handling of chemicals related to following experiments)
1. Synthesis and characteriazation of Tropenone from Maleyde aldehyde.
2. Synthesis and characteriazation of Scopolamine from Tropenol.
3. Synthesis and characterization of chlorzoxazone from 2-amino-4-chlorphenol.
4. Synthesis and characterization of Clemastine.
5. Synthesis and characterization of Tripelennamine.
6. Synthesis and characterization of Oxyphenbutazone.
7. Synthesis and characterization of trihexyl phenylidine.
8. Synthesis and characterization of Aspirin from salicylic acid.
9. Synthesis and characterization of Benzimadazole from benzyl chloride.
10. Synthesis and characterization of Sulphonilamide from Aniline.
11. Synthesis and characterization of Paracetamol from Para amino phenol.
12. Synthesis and characterization of Ibuprofen from isobutyl benzene.
13. Synthesis and characterization of Antipyrine
14. Synthesis and characterization of Phenyl benzoate.
15. Synthesis and characterization of Benzenilide.
16. Synthesis and characterization of Phenindione.
17. Synthesis and characterization of Methyl pyrazolone.
PHARMACOGNOSY -III PY-504
General techniques of biosynthetic studies and basic metabolic pathways. Introduction to
biosynthesis of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical importance. A brief introduction of
chemical nature of phytoconstituents.
Radio – tracer techniques and utilization in biogenetic studies.
Phytochemical Screening: Preparation of extracts and different tests performed for screening of
extracts for the presence of alkaloids, saponins, steroidal compounds, flavanoids,
anthraquinones, phenolics, amino acids, carbohydrates, fats etc.
Concepts of stereoisomerisms Nature, distribution, classification, general methods of isolation
and properties of alkaloids and terpenoids.
Chemistry, biogenesis and pharmacological activity of atropine, reserpine, ephedrine,
ergometrine, strychnine, quinine, morphine, digitoxin, sennosides, diosgenin, sarsapogenin,
menthol, citral, taxol, rutin and artemisine.
Systematic pharmacognostical study of alkoloidal drugs like; Tobacco, Belladona, Hyoscyamus,
Datura, Coca, Withania, Cinchona, Ipecac, Opium, Ergot, Rauwolfia, Vinca, Nuxvomica,
Physostigma, Pilocarpus, Veretrum, Kurchi, Ephedra, Solanam, Tea, Colchicum, coffeae, aconite
etc.
LIST OF PRACTICALS:
1. Identify Colchicum, Ipecac and Vinca leaves morphologically.
2. Identify Aconite, Hyoscyamus and Withania leaves morphologically.
3. Perform morphological, microscopic and chemical evaluation of Tobacco.
4. Perform morphological, microscopic and chemical evaluation of Withania.
5. Perform morphological, microscopic and chemical evaluation of Cinchona bark.
6. Perform morphological, microscopic and chemical evaluation of Rauwolfia root.
7. Perform morphological, microscopic and chemical evaluation of Nux vomica seeds.
8. Perform morphological, microscopic and chemical evaluation of Ephedra.
9. Perform morphological, microscopic and chemical evaluation of Kurchi bark.
10. Isolate Nicotine from tobacco.
11. Isolate Caffeine from tea leaves.
12. Isolate Quinine from cinchona.
13. Isolate alkaloids from nux vomica seeds.
14. Isolate starch from potatoes.
15. Perform morphological characterization like type of stomata and calculate the stomatal
index, vein islets, vein termination numbers, microscopic and chemical evaluation of
Datura leaves.
16. To identify and evaluate the given sample of Colchicum corm by morphological, microscopical and chemical evaluation.
17. To identify the given sample of powdered crude drug by various phytochemical tests. (Cinchona/Rauwolfia/Senna/Ephedra)
PHARMACOLOGY-II PY-505
Pathophysiology of CNS diseases and pharmacology of drugs used to treat them
1) Neurohumoral transmission in CNS
a. Cholinergic pathways
b. Dopaminergic pathway
c. Serotonergic pathways
d. Noradrenergic pathways
2) General anesthetics
3) Hypnotics, sedatives, antianxiety agents, and centrally acting muscle relaxants.
4) Psychopharmacological agents
a. Antipsychotics
b. Antidepressants
c. Antimaniacs
d. Hallucinogens
5) Anti-epileptic drugs
6) Narcotic analgesics and antagonist
7) Drugs used in neurodegenerative diseases
a. Parkinson’s Disease
b. Alzheimer’s Disease
8) Drug addiction and drug abuse
a. Alcohol
b. Nicotine
c. Cannabis
9) CNS stimulants
Pharmacology of drugs acting on gastrointestinal tract
1) Antacids, antisecretory and antiulcer drugs
2) Emetics and antiemetics
LIST OF PRACTICALS
1) Bioassay for acetylcholine/histamine using isolated organ preparations (rat ileum/rat
duodenum/rat colon/rat fundus/guinea pig ileum/guinea pig tracheal chain
preparation/goat ileum)
a) Matching bioassay or Bracketing bioassay
b) Interpolation bioassay or graphical bioassay
2) Study the CNS depressants using cornea and pinna reflex test.
3) Study CNS stimulants by evaluation of locomotor activity (Actophotometer)
4) Study Central muscle relaxants using Rota rod apparatus
5) Study lenticular opacity produced by opioid analgesics in rodents.
6) Study anticonvulant effect of some drugs using maximum electroshock method and
chemical-induced convulsion method.
7) Study antianxiety effect of some drugs using elevated plus maze test or social interaction
test or novelty suppressed feeding test in rodents.
8) Evaluate hypnotic activity of a drug by employing potentiation of thiopental induced
sleeping time paradigm.
9) Study antipsychotic effect of some drugs using catalepsy test or inhibition of
amphetamine stereotypy in rodents.
Study intravenous anesthetics using righting reflex test.
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