RGPV B.E Civil 5th Semester ( Grading System) Syllabus

                                  CE 501 – Transportation Engineering - II   


Unit - I 
High way planning, Alignment & Geometric Design: Principles of highway planning, road planning in India and financing of roads, classification patterns. Requirements, Engg. Surveys for highway location. Cross sectional elements- width, camber, super-elevation, sight distances, extra widening at curves, horizontal and vertical curves, numerical problems.

Unit – II 
Bituminous & Cement Concrete Payments: Design of flexible pavements, design of mixes and stability, WBM, WMM, BM, IBM, surface dressing, interfacial treatment- seal coat, tack coat, prime coat, wearing coats, grouted macadam, bituminous concrete specification, construction and maintenance. Advantages and disadvantages of rigid pavements, general principles of design, types, construction, maintenance and joints, dowel bars, tie bars. Brief study of recent developments in cement concrete pavement design, fatigue and realiability.

Unit – III 
Low Cost Roads, Drainage of Roads, Traffic Engg. & Transportation Planning: Principles of stabilization, mechanical stabilization, requirements, advantages, disadvantages and uses, quality control, macadam roads-types, specifications, construction, maintenance and causes of failures.
Surface and sub-surface drainage, highway materials: properties and testing etc. Channelised and unchannelised intersections, at grade & grade separated intersections, description, rotary-design elements, advantages and disadvantages, marking, signs and signals, street lighting. Principles of planning, inventories, trip generation, trip distribution, model split, traffic assignment, plan preparation.

Unit - IV
Airport Plaaning, Runway & Taxiway: Airport site selection. air craft characteristic and their effects on runway alignments, windrose diagrams, basic runway length and corrections, classification of airports. Geometrical elements: taxi ways and runways, pattern of runway capacity.

Unit - V 
Airport, Obstructions, Lightning & Traffic control: Zoning regulations, approach area, approach surface-imaginary, conical, horizontal. Rotating beacon, boundary lights, approach lights, runway and taxiway lighting etc. instrumental lending system, precision approach radar, VOR enroute traffic control.

List of Experiments:
1. Aggregate Crushing Value Test
2. Determination of aggregate impact value
3. Determination of Los Angeles Abrasion value
4. Determination of California Bearing Ratio values
5. Determination of penetration value of Bitumen
6. Determination of Viscosity of Bituminous Material
7. Determination of softening point of bituminous material
8. Determination of ductility of the bitumen
9. Determination of flash point and fire point of bituminous material
10. Determination of Bitumen content by centrifuge extractor
11. Determination of stripping value of road aggregate
12. Determination of Marshall stability value for Bituminous mix
13. Determination of shape tests on aggregate
   



                                         CE- 502 Advanced Surveying     


UNIT-I 
Modern equipments for surveying : Digital levels and theodolites, Electronic Distance measurement(EDM), Total Station and Global Positioning Systems (GPS), Digital Plannimeter .

UNIT-II 
Surveying Astronomy: Definitions of astronomical terms, coordinate systems for locating heaven ly bodies, geographic, g eodetic, geocentric, Cartesian, local and projected coordinates for earth resources mapping, convergence of meridian, parallel of latitude, shortest distance between two points on the earth, determination of latitude and lon gitude.

UNIT-III 
GPS Surveying: Introduction & components of GPS, Space segment, control seg ment and user segment, Elements of Satellite based surveys-Map datums, GPS receivers, GPS observation methods and their advantages over conventional methods. Digital Terrain Model (DTM) : Topographic representation of the terrain and generation of DTM on computers using spot heights and contour maps.

UNIT-IV 
Photogrammetry : Principle, definitions and classifications of terrestrial and aerial photogrammentry, flight planning for aerial photography, scale and relief displacements of vertical aerial photographs, stereoscopic vision on vertical photographs, computation of position, length and elevations of objects using photographs and photo mosaic.

UNIT-V 
Remote Sensing: Principle, components, classification, remote sensing data acquisition process, different types of remote sensing satellite imagery with special relevance to Indian Remote Sensing Satellites (IRS) and applications. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) : Definition, components and advantages.

   

                                                  CE- 503 Fluid Mech. - II  


Unit-I 
Turbulent flow : Laminar and turbulent boundary layers and laminar sublayer, hydrodynamically smooth andrough boundaries, velocity distribution in turbulent flow, resistance of smooth and artificially roughened pipes,commercial pipes, aging of pipes. Pipe flow problems : Losses due to sudden expansion and contraction, losses in pipe fittings and valves,concepts of equivalent length, hydraulic and energy gradient lines, siphon, pipes in series, pipes in parallel,branching of pipes. Pipe Network : *Water Hammer (only quick closure case). transmission of power. *Hardy Cross Method

Unit-II
Uniform flow in open channels : Channel geometry and elements of channel section, velocity distribution,energy in open channel flow, specific energy, types of flow, critical flow and its computations, uniform flow and its computations, Chezy’s and Manning’s formulae, determination of normal depth and velocity, Normal and critical slopes, Economical sections, Saint Vegnet equation.

Unit-III 
Non uniform flow in open channels : Basic assumptions and dynamic equations of gradually varied flow,characteristics analysis and computations of flow profiles, rapidly varied flowhydraulic jump in rectangular channels and its basic characteristics, surges in open channels & channel flow routing, venturi flume.

Unit-IV 
Forces on immersed bodies: Types of drag, drag on a sphere, a flat plate, a cylinder and an aerofoil development of lift, lifting vanes, magnus effect.

Unit-V 
Fluid Machines: Turbines : Classifications, definitions, similarity laws, specific speed and unit quantities, Pelton turbine-their construction and settings, speed regulation, dimensions of various elements, Action of jet, torque, power and efficiency for ideal case, characteristic curves. Reaction turbines: construction & settings, draft tube theory, runaway speed, simple theory of design and characteristic curves, cavitation.
Pumps: Centrifugal pumps : Various types and their important components, manometric head, total head, net positive suction head, specific speed, shut off head, energy losses, cavitation, principle of working and characteristic curves. Reciprocating pumps: Principle of working, Coefficient of discharge, slip, single acting and double acting pump, Manometric head, Acceleration head.


List of Experiment
1. Study the performances characteristics of Pelton Wheel
2. Study the performances characteristics of Francis Turbine
3. Study the performances charactristics of Kaplan Turbine
4. Caliration of multistage (Two) Pump & Study of characteristic of variable speed pump
5. To study the performance & details of operation of Hyd. Ram
6. Determination of coefficient of discharge for a broad crested weir & to plot water surface Profile over weir
7. Study of the characteristic of the Reciprocating pump

 

                               CE- 504 Structural Design & Drawing – I (RCC)   


Unit - I.
Basic Principles of Structural Design : Assumptions, Mechanism of load transfer, Various properties of concrete and reinforcing steel, Introduction to working stress method and limit state methods of design, partial safety factor for load and material. Calculation of various loads for structural design of singly reinforced beam, Partial load factors.

Unit - II. 
Design of Beams: Doubly reinforced rectangular & Flanged Beams, Lintel, Cantilever, simply supported and continuous beams, Beams with compression reinforcement: Redistribution of moments in continuous beams, Circular girders: Deep beams. Design of beam for shear and bond.

Unit-III.
Design of Slabs: Slabs spanning in one direction. Cantilever, Simply supported and Continous slabs, Slabs spanning in two directions, Circular slabs, Waffle slabs, Flat slabs, Yield line theory.

Unit -IV.
Columns & Footings: Effective length of columns, Short and long cloumns- Square, Rectangular and Circular columns, Isolated and combined footings, Strap footing, Columns subjected to axial loads and bending moments (sections with no tension), Raft foundation.

Unit -V. 
Staircases: Staircases with waist slab having equal and unequal flights with different support conditions,Slabless tread-riser staircase. NOTE :- All the designs for strength and serviceability should strictly be as per the latest version of IS:456. Use of SP-16 (Design aids)
       
   


                                           CE- 505 Theory of Structures -I   


Unit. I 
Virtual work and Energy Principles: Principles of Virtual work applied to deformable bodies, strain energy and complementary energy, Energy theorems, Maxwell’s Reciprocal theorem, Analysis of Pin-Jointed frames for static loads.

Unit. II
Indeterminate Structures-I : Static and Kinematics indeterminancy, Analysis of Fixed and continuous beams by theorem of three moments, Effect of sinking and rotation of supports, Moment distribution method (without sway)

Unit. III 
Indeterminate Structures - II : Analysis of beams and frames by slope Deflection method, Column Analogy method.

Unit. IV 
Arches and Suspension Cables: Three hinged arches of different shapes, Eddy’s Theorem, Suspension cable, stiffening girders, Two Hinged and Fixed Arches - Rib shortening and temperature effects.

Unit. V
Rolling loads and Influence Lines: Maximum SF and BM curves for various types of Rolling loads, focallength, EUDL, Influence Lines for Determinate Structures- Beams, Three Hinged Arches.

Continue Reading →

RGPV B.E Information Technology 5th Semester ( Grading System) Syllabus

                                         IT- 501 – Data Communication  


Unit I 
Data and signal-Analog and digital signals, Time and frequency domain, Composite signals, - Bandwidth, bit rate, bit length, Baseband and broadband transmission, Attenuation, distortion, noise,Nyquist bit rate ,Shannon capacity ,Throughout, delay ,Jitter, Bandwidth delay product.

Unit II 
Data communication concepts – Data transmission – Parallel and serial transmission, synchronous, and Asynchronous transmission, Simplex,half duplex and fullduplex , unipolar and polar line codes, Non return to zero codes, return to zero codes, bipolar line codes, bauds , modem, Line configurations-Point to point and point to multipoint configuration.

Unit III 
Telephone Network-Network topology, signaling- SS7,dial-up modems, modem standard, digital subscriber line – ADSL,SDSL,VDSL .Multiplexing,Frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing and wavelength division multiplexing, pulse code modulation, pleisochronous digital hierarchy( PDH), synchronous digital hierarchy ( SDH) ,STM -1 frame, virtual container, mapping of data signals on STM- 1.

Unit IV
Switching techniques- Circuit , packet and hybrid switching, Types of error, single bit error, burst error, Error detection , Vertical redundancy check, Longitudinal redundancy check, cyclic redundancy check, error correction, Integrated services digital network, ISDN interface, ISDN devices, reference points ,ISDN services, ISDN Protocols

Unit V 
Transmission media-Guided and unguided media, twisted pair ,Unshielded twisted pair and Shielded twisted pair, coaxial cable and fiber optic cable, radio waves, microwaves and infrared transmission RJ- 45,Network interface card, rack, cable standard-Category 5,6,and 7,cross connection, straight connection cable coding standards.



                              IT- 502 – IT Enabled Services ethics & Management  


Unit I: 
Business Strategy: Challenges and Opportunities for IT Business Strategy: Challenges and Opportunities in the Globalized, Interconnected, Convergent World, Establish Principles before Practice, IT Strategy, Application Strategy, Technology Strategy for IT, IT Management Strategy, Developing IT Strategy for Competitive Advantage, Stages of IT Strategy Development and Implementation , Challenges of IT and Business Strategy Alignment, Inhibitors of Business and IT Strategy Alignment, Three-D Framework for Business and IT Strategy Alignment

Unit II : 
Strategic IT Planning Business Implications for IT Strategic and Planning, Strategic IT Planning Motivations, SITP Process: Prevalent Planning Approaches, Difficulties in Developing and Executing SITP, Best Practices for Achieving Good SITP, SITP Approaches: Prevalent Researches, Defining EITA, Contents of a Typical Enterprise IT Architecture, Standard for Enterprise IT Architecture, Technology Management strategy Framework, Prevalent Technology Reference Architectures Framework and Standards, Program Management, Benefits of PMO, Desired Qualities of a Program Office Manager, Maturity of PMO, Implementation of PMO Strategy, Measuring PMO Performance, Success Factors for PMO, Project Scope Management, PMO Dashboard and Reporting

Unit III :
IT Service Management Strategy Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL), ITIL Overview, ITIL Service Support Processes, Incident Management, Problem Management, Service Delivery, Service Level Management, Financial Management, Capacity Management, IT Service Continuity Management (ITSCM), Availability Management, Imperatives for Outsourcing, IT Management Layers, Variants of Outsourcing, Business Process Outsourcing, Insourcing.

Unit IV : 
Copyright and IPR Understanding the concepts of Copyright, Intellectual Property Law, Patents, Indian Standards Institution and its role Indian copyright law of 1957 and its most important amendment from a software viewpoint, Understanding Intellectual property, Caution with Internet , Email Etiquette, Spamming. Broadcasting.

Unit V : 
IT ethics Theoretical basis of Computer Ethics, defining Computer Ethics, computer professional’s behavior, and social conduct, ease of misuse, do and don’ts with proprietary data, Understanding computer crime, Social Networking, Understanding Software Compliance, Software Piracy, Understanding Professional Responsibility



                                                  IT- 503 – Computer Networks  


Unit I
Importance of computer networks, broadcast and point to point networks, Local area networks and Wide area networks , Introduction to ISO-OSI reference model, TCP/IP reference model , function of each layer, interfaces and services, Protocol data unit, connection oriented and connectionless services, service primitives, comparison of TCP/IP and ISO-OSI reference model, Novel Netware, Arpanet , X.25

Unit II
Data-Link layer: - Data link layer design issues, framing , flow & error control , physical addressing,Stop & Wait protocol ,Go back N ARQ ,selective repeat ARQ ,piggybacking and pipelining ,HDLC LAN Protocol stack-Logical link control and Media Access Control sublayer, IEEE 802.2 LLC Frame format Data link layer in the internet, Serial line IP and Pont to point protocol

Unit III
MAC layer Protocols- , static and dynamic allocation , Pure and slotted ALOHA protocols, Carrier sense multiple access, Persistent and non persistent CSMA, IEEE standard 802.3 and Ethernet,802.3 cabling, IEEE 802.4, IEEE 802.5, FDDI Wireless LAN , Comparison of wired and wireless LAN, WIMAX

Unit IV
The Network layer- logical addressing, classful & classless addressing , address mapping ,packet delivery & forwarding. unicast routing protocols , multicast routing protocols, Routing algorithm- Least Cost, Dijkstra's, Bellman-ford, congestion control algorithms, Internetworking devices, Introduction to Internet protocol IPv4

Unit V
Transport layer-Transport services , Process to process delivery, UDP ,TCP ,congestion control , quality of service , Integrated services, Differentiated services LAN-WAN Design and implementation-Configuring TCP/IP, using Ipconfig, ping command , study of structured LAN , study of internetworking devices and their configuration– switches, hubs, Bridges, routers and Gateways


List of Experiment 
1. Establishment and configuration of LAN
2. Colour coding standard of CAT 5,6,7 and crimping of cable in RJ-45
3. Study of WAN
4. Case study of STOP AND WAIT Protocols
5. Study of sliding window protocol
6. study of IEEE 802.3 , 802.4 ,802.5
7. Study of FDDI
8. Study of basic networking commands like ping, ipconfig, etc
9. Case study of various Routing Strategies
10. Case studies of various Network Topologies
11. Establishing & studying the various parameters of a home LAN Network
12. Study of IOS of routers
13. Configuring routers, bridges and switches and gateways                      



                              IT- 504 – System Programming and operating system  


Unit I
Introduction Language Processors, Language Processing Activities and Language Processors Development Tools, Assemblers, Compiler, Macros and Macro Processors, Linkers, Software Tools . Introduction to Operating Systems, Types of operating Systems, system protection, Operating system services.

Unit II 
Basic concepts of CPU scheduling, Scheduling criteria, Scheduling algorithms, algorithm evaluation, multiple processor scheduling. Process concept, operations on processes, threads, interprocess communication, precedence graphs, critical section problem, semaphores, classical problems of synchronization,

Unit III
Deadlock problem, deadlock characterization, deadlock prevention, deadlock avoidance, deadlock detection, recovery from deadlock, Methods for deadlock handling. Concepts of memory management, logical and physical address space, swapping, Fixed and Dynamic Partitions, Best-Fit, First-Fit and Worst Fit Allocation, paging, segmentation, and paging combined with segmentation.

Unit IV 
Concepts of virtual memory, Cache Memory Organization, demand paging, page replacement algorithms, allocation of frames, thrashing, demand segmentation, Role of Operating System in Security, Security Breaches, System Protection, and Password Managment.

Unit V
Disk scheduling, file concepts, File manager, File organization, access methods, allocation methods, free space managements, directory systems, file protection, file organization & access mechanism, file sharing implement issue, File Management in Linux, introduction to distributed systems.

Suggested List of Experiment 
1. Program to implement FCFS CPU scheduling algorithm.
2. Program to implement SJF CPU scheduling algorithm.
3. Program to implement Priority CPU Scheduling algorithm.
4. Program to implement Round Robin CPU scheduling algorithm.
5. Program to implement classical inter process communication problem(producer consumer).
6. Program to implement classical inter process communication problem(Reader Writers).
7. Program to implement classical inter process communication problem(Dining Philosophers).
8. Program to implement FIFO page replacement algorithm.
9. Program to implement LRU page replacement algorithm
10. Program to implement LFU page replacement.
11. Program to implement Optimal page replacement.                        



                                             IT- 505 – Java Programming   


UNIT-I 
The Java Environment: Java Development Kit (JDK) ,Java virtual machine , Java programming environment (compiler, interpreter, appletviewer, debugger), , Java Applications Programming Interface (API), Basic idea of application and applet. Java as an object oriented language:objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance,and software reuse, polymorphism, abstract classes and abstract methods, : defining an interface, implementing & applying interfaces, variables in interfaces, extending interfaces, Packages,scope and lifetime; Access specifies; Constructors; Copy constructor; this pointer; finalize () method; arrays; Memory allocation and garbage collection

UNIT-II 
AWT:Containers and components,AWT classes, window fundamentals: Component,Container,Panel,Window,Frame,Canvas,AWT Controls,Layout Managers and Menus:adding and removing control,Labels, Button, Check Box, Radio Button, Choice ,menu, Text area, Scroll list, Scroll bar; Frame; Layout managers- flow layout, Grid layout, Border layout, Card layout. Java Event Handling Model: Java’s event delegation model – Ignoring the event, Self contained events, Delegating events; The event class hierarchy; The relationship between interface, methods called, parameters and event source; Adapter classes; Event classes action Event, Adjustment Event, Container Event, Focus Event, Item Event, Eye Event, Mouse Event, Text Event, Window Event. Applets: Applet security restrictions; the class hierarchy for applets; Life cycle of applet; HTML Tags for applet Introduction to Swing: swing library, Building applications using Swings

UNIT-III 
Multithreading and Exception Handling: Overview of simple threads, Basic idea of multithreaded programming,Thread synchronization:Locks, synchronized methods, synchronized block, Thread scheduling,Producer-consumer relationship, Daemon thread, Basic idea of exception handling,stack based execution and exception propagation,Exception types:, Exception Handling:Try,Catch,Finally,Throw statement,Assertions

UNIT-IV 
Input/Output : Exploring Java I/O., Directories, stream classes The Byte stream : Input stream, output stream, file input stream, file output stream, print stream, Random access file, the character streams, Buffered reader, buffered writer, print writer, serialization. JDBC: JDBC-ODBC bridge; The connectivity model; The driver manager; Navigating the result set object contents; java.sql Package; The JDBC exception classes; Connecting to Remote database.

UNIT-V
Java Networking : exploring java.net packageNetworking Basics : Socket, Client server, reserved sockets, proxy servers, Internet addressing, TCP sockets, UDP sockets. RMI:Client/Server architecture, RMI registry services; Steps of creating RMI Application and an example.


               

                                         IT- 506 – Java Programming (Lab)  


Unit I 
JDK Installation and setting the path, JDK Tool(Java Compiler, Java Virtual Machine, Debugger, Appletviewer, Javadoc, Jar),Compile and run java program, Compiler options and JVM options, Data type, Operators , Control Statement (if, if…else, switch …case, while, for, do…while, break, continue, labeled break, labeled continue) , Arrays ,Memory allocation and garbage collection,Classes and object scope and life time ,Access specifies, Constructor and finalize method , this keyword, instance block, static block, static data member, static method, Inheritance, method overriding, dynamic method dispatch, constructors in Inheritance ,super keyword, abstract method and abstract class, final method ,final data member, final class, defining an Interface, Implementing and applying interface, extending Interface.

Unit-II 
creating package , using package. Try, catch, throw, throws, finally, Object Class,String Class, String Buffer class, Math Class, Wrapper Classes, StringTokenizer Class, Collection, Set, List Map, ArrayList, SortedSet, Iterator, File Class, Thread class and its method, Creating Thread ,lifecycle of a thread, Runnable Interface, thread synchronization, wait, notify, ThreadGroup class.

Unit -III 
Command Line Arguments, InputStream , OutputStream,Reader,Writer, ,FileInputStream, FileOutputStream, DataOutputStream, DataInputStream, FileReader, FileWriter, InputStreamReader, BufferedReader ,ObjectOutputStream, ObjectInputStream, Object Serialization.,Scaner , RandomAccessFile.

Unit -IV
Abstract Window toolkit, awt package, Applet, Lifecycle of an Applet, GUI Component (Button, Label, TextField, TextArea, List, Choice, CheckBox ), Panel, Event Source, Event handlers, Event classes, Containers, Frame class, Panel ,Dialog , Layout Manager,Swing, swing complonents, JFrame, JApplet,
JPanel, JButton, JLabel, JTable, JTextField,JTextArea,JRadioButton,JCheckBox,JList JTree, Icon, LookAndFeel.,Graphics2D and drawing Image.

Unit-V 
Networking basics, Socket, port, Proxy servers, Internet addressing and URL, java.net – networking classes and interfaces, Implementing TCP/IP based Server and Client. Classes to be covered Socket, ServerSocket, IPAddress, URL connections; Programs on chatting 1-1 & 1-M (Threading),Implementing UDP based Server and Client DatagramPacket and DatagramSocket. Introduction of RMI & Architecture ,Implementing RMI ,Writing RMI Server, Designing Remote Interface, Implementing Remote Interface, Passing Object in RMI, Creatting RMI Client. Types of JDBC Drivers, Writing JDBC applications using select, insert, delete, update; Types of Statement objects (Statement, PreparedStatement and CallableStatement); ResultSet, ResultsetMetaData; Inserting and updating records, Connection Pooling.

Continue Reading →

RGPV B.E Electrical and Electronics 5th Sem (Grading System) Syllabus

                            EX- 501 - Utilisation of Electrical Energy  


Unit-I 
Illumination Engineering Nature of light, units, sensitivity of the eye, luminous efficiency, glare. Production of Light; Incandescent lamps, arc lamps gas discharge lamps- fluorescent lampspolar curves, effect of voltage variation on efficiency and life of lamps, Distribution and control of light, lighting calculations, solid angle, inverse square and cosine laws, methods of calculations, factory lighting, flood lighting and street lighting, Direct diffused and mixed reflection & transmission factor, refractors, light fittings.

Unit-II 
Heating, Welding And Electrolysis Electrical heating-advantages, methods and applications, resistance heating, design of heating elements, efficiency and losses control. Induction heating: core type furnaces, core less furnaces and high frequency eddy current heating, dielectric heating: principle and special applications, arc furnaces: direct arc furnaces, Indirect arc furnaces, electrodes, design of heating elements, power supply and control. Different methods of electrical welding, resistance welding, arc welding, energy storage welding, laser welding, electro beam welding, and electrical equipment for them. Arc furnaces transformer and welding transformers. Review of electrolytic principles, laws of electrolysis, electroplating, anodizing-electro-cleaning, extraction of refinery metals, power supply for electrolytic process, current and energy efficiency.

Unit-III 
Traction Special features of Traction motors, selection of Traction Motor, Different system of electric traction and their Advantages and disadvantages, Mechanics of train movement: simplified speed time curves for different services, average and schedule speed, tractive effort, specific energy consumption, factors affecting specific energy consumption, acceleration and braking retardation, adhesive weight and coefficient of adhesion,

Unit-IV 
Electric Drives Individual and collective drives- electrical braking, plugging, rheostatic and regenerative braking load equalization use of fly wheel criteria for selection of motors for various industrial drives, calculation of electrical loads for refrigeration and air-conditioning, intermittent loading and temperature rise curve.
Unit-V
Introduction to Electric and Hybrid Vehicles Configuration and performance of electrical vehicles, traction motor haracteristics, tractive effort, transmission requirement, vehicle performance and energy consumption.
                         


                             EX- 502 – Microprocessors and Microcontrollers 


UNIT 1: 
Microprocessor 8086 Introduction to 16-bit 8086 microprocessors, architecture of 8086, Pin Configuration, interrupts, minimum mode and maximum mode, timing diagram, Memory interfacing, Comparative study of Salient features of 8086, 80286 and 80386.

UNIT 2: 
Microprocessor 8086 programming Instruction set of 8086, Addressing mode, Assembler directives & operations, assembly and machine language programming, subroutine call and returns, Concept of stack, Stack structure of 8086, timings and delays,

UNIT 3:
Input-Output interfacing: Memory Mapped I/O and Peripherals I/O. PPI 8255 Architecture and modes of operation, Interfacing to 16-bit microprocessor and programming, DMA controller (8257) Architecture, Programmable interval timer 8254, USART 8251, 8 bit ADC/DAC interfacing and programming.

UNIT 4:
Microcontroller 8051 Intel family of 8 bit microcontrollers, Architecture of 8051, Pin description, I/O configuration, interrupts; Interrupt structure and interrupt priorities, Port structure and operation, Accessing internal & external memories and different mode of operations, Memory organization, Addressing mode, instruction set of 8051 and programming.

UNIT 5:
8051 Interfacing, Applications and serial communication 8051 interfacing to ADC and DAC, Stepper motor interfacing, Timer/ counter functions, 8051 based thyristor firing circuit, 8051 connections to RS-232, 8051 Serial communication , Serial communication modes, Serial communication programming, Serial port programming in C.  

List of Experiment  
1. Introduction to 8086 & 8051 kit, hardware features & modes of operation.
2. Technique of programming & basic commands of kit.
3. Instruction set of 8086 & 8051.
B. Assembly language programming of 8086 & 8051.
1.  Write a program to add two 8-bit numbers.
2.  Write a program to add two 16-bit numbers.
3. Write a program for 8-bit decimal subtraction.
4. Write a program to find 1’s complement and then 2’s complement of a 16-bit numbers.
5 .Write a program to find larger of two numbers.
6. Write a program to  shift an 8-bit  number  left by 2-bits.
7. Write a program to multiply two 16-bit numbers .
8. Write a program for factorial of  given number by recursion.
9. Write a program to square of an 8-bit number.
10. Write a program to generate a square wave of 2 KHz  Frequency on input pin.




                                  EX-503 ELECTRICAL MACHINE-II    



Unit-I 
D.C. Machine-I Basic construction of DC machines; types of DC machines and method of excitation; lap and wave windings; Emf equation; armature reaction and  methods of limiting armature reaction; Commutation process and methods for improving commutation; Basic performance of DC generators and their performance characteristics; Metadyne and Amplidyne; permanent magnet DC motors; Brush less dc motors,

Unit-II 
D.C. Machine-II Basic operation of DC motors; Torque equation; Operating characteristics of DC motors, Starting of DC motors- 2point, 3 point and 4 point starters; speed control of DC motors; losses and efficiency of DC machines; testing of DC machines, direct testing, Swinburne’s test and Hopkinson’s test. Application of DC machines

Unit-III 
Synchronous Machine-I Construction; types of prime movers; excitation system including brushless excitation; poly- phase distributive winding, integral slot and fractional slot windings; emf equation, generation of harmonics and their elimination; armature reaction; synchronous reactance and impedance, equivalent circuit of alternator, relation between generated voltage and terminal voltage, voltage regulation of  alternators using synchronous impedance, mmf, zpf and new A.S.A method.

Unit-IV
Synchronous Machine-II Salient pole machines; two reaction theory equivalent circuit model and phasor diagram; determination of Xd and Xq by slip test; SCR and its significance; regulation of salient pole alternator, power angle equation and characteristics; synchronizing of alternator with infinite busbar,; parallel operation and load sharing; synchronizing current, synchronizing power and synchronising torque coefficient; synchroscopes and phase sequence indicator; effect of varying excitation and mechanical torque,.

Unit-V
Synchronous machine-III Synchronous motor operation, starting and stopping of synchronous motor, pull in torque, motor under load power and torque, reluctance torque, effect of excitation, effect of armature reaction, power factor adjustment, V curves, inverted V curves, synchronous motors as power factor correcting device, super synchronous and sub synchronous motors, hunting and damper winding efficiency and losses. Analysis of short circuit oscillogram, determination of various transient, sub transient and steady reactances and time constants, expression of transient and sub transient reactances in terms of self and mutual inductances of various winding, short circuit current, equivalent circuit. Single phase synchronous motors- hysteresis motor, reluctance motor. Repulsion motor, stepper motor, switched reluctance

List of Experiments (expandable) 
Experiments can cover any of the above topics, following is a suggestive list:
i. To plot magnetisation characteristic of a separately excited DC generator
ii. To perform load test on DC generators.
iii. To perform load test on DC series and shunt motor
iv. To perform Swinburn’s test on a DC machine and find out its efficiency under full load condition.
v. To conduct Hopkinson’s test on a pair of DC shunt machine.
vi. To perform OCC and SCC test on an alternator and determine its regulation.
vii. To determine regulation of alternator using mmf and zpf methods.
viii. To synchronise alternator with infinite bus bar.
ix. To plot V and inverted V curves for a synchronous motor
x. To find Xd and Xq of salient pole synchronous machine by slip test.
xi. To Determine negative sequence and zero sequence reactance of an alternator.
xii. To determine subtransient direct axis and quadrature axis synchronous reactances of salient pole machine.



                                 EX- 504 – Power Electronics Devices & Circuits  


Unit ­I  
Advantages and application of power electronic devices characteristics, Symbol & application of power diodes, power transistors, GTO, Triac, Diac, Power MOSFET, IGBT, LASCR, Fast recovery diode, schottey diode MCTs. Principle of operation of SCR, Two transistor analogy, brief idea of construction of SCR, Static characteristics of SCR, Condition of turn on & off of SCR Gate characteristics, Method for turning on of SCR, Turnoff methods, different commutation echniques (Class A,B,C,D,E, & F Commutation) firing of SCR, Use of pubic transformer and opto isolator in firing, Resistance firing Ckt, Resistance capacitance firing circuit, UJT firing cut, and ramp triggering, firing for 3-Φ circuit. SCR rating & protection of SCR over voltage, Over current, Suprior firing, Design of snubber circuit and protection of gate of SCR, heating, cooling & mounting of SCR series and parallel operation of SCR, String efficiency & problem associated with series and parallel operation of SCR

Unit­ II  
Operation and analysis of single phase (Half wave & Full Wave) and multiphase (Three Phase) uncontrolled and controlled rectifier circuit with resistive, resistive & inductive load (continuous & non continuous conduction, Fw small & very large inductive loads) and RLE loads. Estimation of average load voltage and load current for above rectifier cirucits active and reactive power input. Effect of free wheeling diode and source inductance on performance of these rectifier circuits . Comparison of mid point & Bridge rectifier circuits.

Unit ­III  
Series and parallel inverter, Voltage source & current source inverter, Single phase and three phase bridge inverter, Self cumulated inverters,, Mc- murray & MC murray bed ford inverters, Voltage control of single phase and three phase bridge inverter, Harmonics & their reduction techniques.

Unit ­IV  
Principle of chopper operation, Various control strategies in chopper, Step up & step-up/step down choppers, chopper configuration (Type A,B, C,D, & E), Steady state analysis of chopper circuits, Current & voltage commutation of chopper circuits Jones & Morgens chopper

Unit­ V
Single phase (mid point & bridge configuration) and three phase cyclo convertor configuration and operating principles. AC voltage controllers (using SCRs & Traics) single phase full wave controller with R and RL load, Estimation of RMS load voltage, RMS load current and input power factor, three phase AC voltage controller (Without analysis) Dual converter Switched mode voltage regulator buck, Boost, Buch & Boost, Ck regulators.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 
• 1-   VI CHARACTERISTICS OF SCR
• 2-   VI CHARACTERISTICS OF DIAC
• 3-   VI CHARACTERISTICS OF BJT
• 4-   CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIAC
• 5-   VI CHARACTERISTICS OF MOSFET

• 6-   TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF MOSFET
• 7-   OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS OF IGBT
• 8-   TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF IGBT
• 9   -  SINGLE PHASE SCR HALF CONTROLLED CONVERTER WITH R LOAD
• 10-   1Φ  SCR  FULLY CONTROLLED CONVERTER WITH R-LOAD
• 11  - STUDY OF 3Φ SCR HALF CONTROLLED CONVERTER
• 12-   STUDY OF 3Φ SCR FULLY CONTROLLED CONVERTER
• 13-    STUDY OF CLASSES OF COMMUTATION A,B,C,D,E,F.  

             

                                               EX- 505 – Power System – I    



Unit-I  
An overview of Electrical Energy Generation General background, structure and components of power network. Power generation – Introduction to conventional, non-conventional & distributed generation, Effect of transmission voltage on power system economy. Selection of size of feeder. Comparison of isolated versus interconnected power system. Problems associated with modern large interconnected power system. Power Plant Economics - Load curves, base load, peak load, load factor, demand factor, diversity factor, capacity factor, utilization factor, cost of electricity, capital cost, fuel and operation cost.

UNIT-II 
Transmission Line Components & Under Ground Cabling Inductance resistance and capacitance of transmission line, Calculation of inductance for 1-Φ and 3- Φ, Single and double circuit line, Concept of GMR and GMD, Symmetrical & asymmetrical conduction configuration, Calculation of capacitance for 2 wire and 3 wire systems, Effect of ground or capacitance, Capacitance calculation for symmetrical and asymmetrical 1-phase and three phase, Single and double circuit line, Charging current, Transposition of line, Composite conductor, Skin and proximity effect, bundle conductor. Underground Cable Comparison of cables and overhead transmission lines, Classification of cables, requirement of cable construction, capacitance of single and multi-core cable, economic core diameter, dielectric stress in cable, Grading of cables, ionisation of Heating of cables, Phenomena of dielectric losses and sheath loss in cables, Thermal resistance of cables.

UNIT-III 
Transmission systems & performance of transmission line  Various systems of transmission, effect of system voltage, comparison of conductor materials required for various overhead systems. Short, Medium & long transmission line and their representation, Nominal T, Nominal Л, Equivalent T and equivalent Л, network models, ABCD constants for symmetrical & asymmetrical network, Mathematical solution to estimate regulation & efficiency of all types of lines. Surge Impedance, loading, Interpretation of long line equation and its equivalent equation. Tuned power lines. Power flow through transmission line, Circle diagram, Method of voltage control, Static & rotating VAR generator, transformer control.

UNIT-IV
Insulator & Mechanical design Mechanical DesignTypes of conductors used in overhead  transmission line, Types of line supports and towers, Distribution of conductors over transmission  towers, Spacing between conductors, Length of span and sag‐ tension calculation for transmission  line, Wind & ice loading, support of line at two different levels, string chart, Sag template, Stringing  of conductor, Vibration and Vibration dampers.InsulatorMaterials used for transmission line  insulations, Types of insulator for overhead transmission line failure of insulator, Voltage  distribution of suspension insulator, String efficiency, Shielding and grading.  

Unit‐V  
Voltage control & Distribution system Ac single phase, 3 phase, 3wire & 4 wire distribution, Kelvin’s law for most economical size of conductor Substation layout showing substation equipment, bus bar single bus bar and sectionalized bus bar, main and transfer for bus bar system, sectionalized double bus bar system, ring mains.  

List of Experiment 
Subject- Power System I                                                                                          
      1. To study the Thermal Power Station.
      2. To study the Hydro Power Station.
      3. To study the Nuclear Power Station.
      4. To study & draw Towers used in Transmission lines.
      5. To study & draw the different types of insulator.
      6. To study & design Electrical Power Transmission line.
      7. Determination of Transmission Parameters of a transmission line.         

Continue Reading →

RGPV B.E Mechanical 5th Sem (Grading System) Syllabus

                  AU/IP/ME/TX/CM- 501 - Entrepreneurship and Management Concepts 


Unit-I: 
System Concepts: Types, definition & characteristics; supra & subsystems, key component; boundary & interface complexity; feedback (pull) & feed forward (push) controls, open flexible-adaptive system, computer as closed system, law of requisite variety; system coupling, stresses and entropy; functional & cross functional system; Steven Alter’s nine element work system model and its comparison with IPO (input-processing-output) model, structure and performance of work systems leading to customer delight.

Unit-II: 
Management: Importance, definition and functions; schools of theories, knowledge driven learning organization and e-business; environment, uncertainty and adaptability; corporate culture, difficulties and levels of planning, BCG matrix, SWOT analysis, steps in decision making, structured and unstructured decision; dimensions of organizations, size/specialization, behavior formalization, authority centralization, departmentalization, spam and line of control, technology and Minzberg organization typology, line, staff & matrix organization, coordination by task force, business process reengineering and process of change management, HR planning placement and training, MIS; attitudes and personality trait, overlap and differences between leader & manager, leadership grid, motivation, Maslow’s need hierarchy and Herzberg two factor theory, expectation theory, learning process, team work and stress management.

Unit-III: 
Marketing: Importance, definition, core concepts of need want and demand, exchange & relationships, product value, cost and satisfaction (goods and services ) marketing environment; selling, marketing and societal marketing concepts; four P’s, product, price, placement, promotion; consumer, business and industrial market, market targeting, advertising, publicity, CRM and market research.  Finance: Nature and scope, forms of business ownerships, balance sheet, profit and loss account, fund flow and cash flow statements, breakeven point (BEP) and financial ratio analysis, pay-back period, NPV and capital budgeting.

Unit-IV: 
Productivity and Operations: Productivity, standard of living and happiness, types of productivity, operations (goods and services) Vs project management, production processes and layouts, steps in method improvement, time measurement, rating and various allowances; standard time and its utility, predetermined motion and time method, product and process specification, TQM, cost of quality, introduction to lean manufacturing (JIT), QFD, TPM & six sigma quality.

Unit V: 
Entrepreneurship : Definition and concepts, characteristics, comparison with manager, classification, theories of entrepreneur, socio, economic, cultural and psychological; entrepreneur traits and behavior, roles in economic growth, employment, social stability, export promotion and indigenization, creating a venture, opportunity analysis competitive and technical factors, sources of funds, entrepreneur development program.



                                                ME- 502- Turbo Machinery    


Unit I: 
Energy transfer in turbo machines: application of first and second laws of thermodynamics to turbo machines, moment of momentum equation and Euler turbine equation, principles of impulse and reaction machines, degree of reaction, energy equation for relative velocities, one dimensional analysis only.

Unit II:
Steam turbines: impulse staging, velocity and pressure compounding, utilization factor, analysis for optimum U.F Curtis stage, and Rateau stage, include qualitative analysis, effect of blade and nozzle losses on vane efficiency, stage efficiency, analysis for optimum efficiency, mass flow and blade height. Reactions staging: Parson’s stages, degree of reaction, nozzle efficiency, velocity coefficient, stator efficiency, carry over efficiency, stage efficiency, vane efficiency, conditions for optimum efficiency, speed ratio, axial thrust, reheat factor in turbines, problem of radial equilibrium, free and forced vortex types of flow, flow with constant reaction, governing and performance characteristics of steam turbines.

Unit III:
Water turbines: Classification, Pelton, Francis and Kaplan turbines, vector diagrams and work-done, draft tubes, governing of water turbines. Centrifugal Pumps: classification, advantage over reciprocating type, definition of mano-metric head, gross head, static head, vector diagram and work done. Performance and characteristics: Application of dimensional analysis and similarity to water turbines and centrifugal pumps, unit and specific quantities, selection of machines, Hydraulic, volumetric, mechanical and overall efficiencies, Main and operating characteristics of the machines, cavitations.

Unit IV:
Rotary Fans, Blowers and Compressors: Classification based on pressure rise, centrifugal and axial flow machines. Centrifugal Blowers Vane shape, velocity triangle, degree of reactions, slip coefficient, size and speed of machine, vane shape and stresses, efficiency, characteristics, fan laws and characteristics. Centrifugal Compressor – Vector diagrams, work done, temp and pressure ratio, slip factor, work input factor, pressure coefficient, Dimensions of inlet eye, impeller and diffuser. Axial flow Compressors- Vector diagrams, work done factor, temp and pressure ratio, degree of reaction, Dimensional Analysis, Characteristics, surging, Polytrophic and isentropic efficiencies.

Unit V:
Power Transmitting turbo machines: Application and general theory, their torque ratio, speed ratio, slip and efficiency, velocity diagrams, fluid coupling and Torque converter, characteristics, Positive displacement machines and turbo machines, their distinction. Positive displacement pumps with fixed and variable displacements, Hydrostatic systems hydraulic intensifier, accumulator, press and crane.




                               ME- 503- Mechanical Measurement & control  


Unit-I:
Basic Concepts of Measurement: General measurement system; Experimental test plan: variables, parameters, noise and interference, replication and repetition; Calibration: Static calibration, dynamic calibration, static sensitivity, range, accuracy, precision and bias errors, sequential and random tests; Presenting data: Rectangular coordinate format, semi-log, full-log formats. Measurement System Behavior: General model for a dynamic measurement system and its special cases: zero order, first order, and second order system, determination of time constant and settling time, phase linearity.

Unit-II: 
Statistics: Least square regression analysis and data outlier detection; Normal distribution and concept of standard deviation of the mean in finite data set, Uncertainty Analysis: Measurement errors; error sources: calibration, data acquisition, data reduction; Design stage uncertainty analysis; combining elemental errors; Bias & Precision errors; Error propagation, Higher order uncertainty analysis.

Unit-III:
Temperature Measurement: Temperature standards, Temperature scales; Thermometry based on thermal expansion: Liquid in glass thermometers, Bimetallic Thermometers; Electrical resistance thermometry: Resistance Temperature Detectors, Thermistors; Thermoelectric Temperature Measurement: Temperature measurement with thermocouples, thermocouple standards. Pressure and Velocity Measurement: Relative pressure scales, pressure reference instruments, barometer, manometer, deadweight tester, pressure gauges and transducers, total and static pressure measurement in moving fluids Flow measurement: Pressure differential meters: Orifice meter, Venturi meter, roto-meter.

Unit-IV: 
Strain Measurement: Stress and strain, resistance strain gauges, gauge factor, strain gauge electrical circuits, multiple gauge bridge, bridge constant, apparent strain and temperature compensation, bending compensation. Motion, Force and Torque Measurement: Displacement measurement: Potentiometers, Linear variable differential transformers, rotary variable differential transformer; Velocity measurement: moving coil transducers; angular velocity measurement: electromagnetic techniques, stroboscopic measurement; Force measurement: load cells, piezoelectric load cells; Torque measurement: measurement of torque on rotating shafts, Power estimation from rotational speed and torque.

Unit-V: 
Introduction to control systems: Examples of control systems. Open loop and closed loop control, Mathematical modeling of dynamic systems: Transfer function, impulse response function, block diagram of closed loop system, block diagram reduction, Transient and steady state response analyses: First order systems, unit step and unit impulse response of first order systems, second order systems, unit step and unit impulse response of second order systems, transient response  specifications, modeling of mechanical systems, modeling of electrical systems, signal flow graphs, modeling of fluid systems, liquid level systems, hydraulic systems, modeling of thermal systems.

List of Experiment (Expandable)( Measurement & control): 
1- Study of various temperature measuring devices; thermo couple, RTD, gas thermo meters.
2- Measuring velocity of fluid flow by Ventura meter/ orifice meter/ pitot-tube.
3- Measuring torque and power generated by a prime mover by using pony brake dynamometer.
4- Study of various pressure measuring devices like manometers, mercury in glass pressure  gauge.
5- To develop a measuring device for fluid level measurement.                                        



                              ME/AU- 504- Machine Component Design   



Unit I: 
Stress concentration and fatigue: causes of stress concentration; stress concentration in tension, bending and torsion; reduction of stress concentration, theoretical stress concentration factor, notch sensitivity, fatigue stress concentration factor, cyclic loading, endurance limit, S-N Curve, loading factor, size factor, surface factor. Design consideration for fatigue, Goodman and modified Goodman's diagram, Soderberg equation, Gerber parabola, design for finite life, cumulative fatigue damage factor.

Unit II: 
Shafts: Design of shaft under combined bending, twisting and axial loading; shock and fatigue factors, design for rigidity; Design of shaft subjected to dynamic load; Design of keys and shaft couplings.

Unit III:
Springs: Design of helical compression and tension springs, consideration of dimensional and functional constraints, leaf springs and torsion springs; fatigue loading of springs, surge in spring; special springs, Power Screws design of power screw and power nut, differential and compound screw, design of simple screw jack.

Unit IV: 
Brakes & Clutches: Materials for friction surface, uniform pressure and uniform wear theories, Design of friction clutches: Disk , plate clutches, cone & centrifugal clutches. Design of brakes: Rope, band & block brake, Internal expending brakes, Disk brakes.

Unit V 
Journal Bearing: Types of lubrication, viscosity, hydrodynamic theory, design factors, temperature and viscosity considerations, Reynold's equation, stable and unstable operation, heat dissipation and thermal equilibrium, boundary lubrication, dimensionless numbers, Design of journal bearings, Rolling-element Bearings: Types of rolling contact bearing, bearing friction and power loss, bearing life; Radial, thrust & axial loads; Static & dynamic load capacities; Selection of ball and roller bearings; lubrication and sealing.


       

                                     ME- 505- Dynamics of Machines  

Unit 1: 
Dynamics of Engine Mechanisms: Displacement, velocity and acceleration of piston; turning moment on crankshaft, turning moment diagram; fluctuation of crankshaft speed, analysis of flywheel.

Unit 2: 
Governor Mechanisms: Types of governors, characteristics of centrifugal governors, gravity and spring controlled centrifugal governors, hunting of centrifugal governors, inertia governors.

Unit 3: 
Balancing of Inertia Forces and Moments in Machines: Balancing of rotating masses, two plane balancing, determination of balancing masses (graphical and analytical methods), balancing of rotors, balancing of internal combustion engines (single cylinder engines, in-line engines, V-twin engines, radial engines, Lanchester technique of engine balancing.

Unit 4:
Friction: Frictional torque in pivots and collars by uniform pressure and uniform wear rate criteria. Boundary and fluid film lubrication, friction in journal and thrust bearings, concept of friction circle and axis, rolling friction. Clutches: Single plate and multi plate clutches, Cone clutches.

Unit 5 
Belt drives; Velocity ratio, limiting ratio of tension; power transmitted; centrifugal effect on belts, maximum power transmitted by belt, initial tension, creep; chain and rope drives; Brakes: Band brake, block brakes, Internal and external shoe brakes, braking of vehicles. Dynamometer: Different types and their applications.  Dynamic Analysis of Cams: Response of un-damped cam mechanism (analytical method), follower response analysis by phase-plane method, jump and cross-over shock.



 
                                                   ME- 506- RDBMS Lab  


UNIT-I
Introduction : Advantage of DBMS approach, various view of data, data independence, schema and sub-schema, primary concepts of data models, Database languages, transaction management, Database administrator and users, data dictionary, overall system architecture. ER model: basic concepts, design issues, mapping constraint, keys, ER diagram, weak and strong entity sets, specialization and generalization, aggregation, inheritance, design of ER schema, reduction of ER schema to tables.

UNIT-II 
Domains, Relations and keys: domains, relations, kind of relations, relational database, various types of keys, candidate, primary, alternate and foreign keys. Relational Algebra & SQL: The structure, relational algebra with extended operations, modifications of Database, idea of relational calculus, basic structure of SQL, set operations, aggregate functions, null values, nested sub queries, derived relations, modification of Database, join relation, DDL in SQL.

UNIT-III 
Relational Dependencies and Normalization: basic definitions, trivial and non trivial dependencies, closure set of dependencies and of attributes, irreducible set of dependencies, introduction to normalization, non loss decomposition, FD diagram, first second, third Normal forms, dependency preservation, BCNF, multivalued dependencies and forms normal form dependeny and fifth normal forms. Distributed Database: basic idea, distributed data storage, data replication, data fragmentationhorizontal, vertical and mixed frangmentation.

UNIT-IV
Emerging Fields in DBMS : object oriented Database-basic idea and the model, object structure, object class, inheritance, multiple inheritance, object identity, data warehousing- terminology, definitions, characteristics, data mining and it’s overview, Database on www, multimedia Database-difference with conventional DBMS, issues, similarity based retrived continuous media data, multimedia data for
mats, video servers.

Unit V
Storage structure and file organizations: Overview of physical storage media, magnetic disksperformance and optimization, basic idea of RAID, organization, organization of records in files, basic concepts of indexing, ordered indices, basic idea of B-tree and B+-tree organization. Network and hierarchical models: basic idea, data structure diagrams, DBTG model, implementations, tree structure diagram, implementation techniques, comparision of the three models.

Continue Reading →

RGPV B.E Electronics&Communication 5th Sem( Grading System ) Syllabus

                                                 EC-501 Voice Communication   


Unit I
Basic Telephony : Introduction, standard telephone set, function, local loop, block diagram, basic call procedure, call progress tones and signals, cordless telephones, caller identification, electronic telephones, telephone circuit - local subscriber loop, channel noise and units of power measurements, transmission parameters, voice frequency circuit arrangements, crosstalk.

Unit II 
Public telephone network: Introduction, transmission system environment, public telephone network, instruments, local loops, trunk circuits, telephone exchanges - local exchanges, automated central office switches and exchanges, telephone numbering plan, telephone services, telephone switching hierarchy, common channel signaling system- evolution of SS7, signaling points, call setup, Multiplexing of telephone channels - frequency division multiplexing, FDM hierarchy, composite base-band signals, formation of groups, super groups, master groups and radio channel, wavelength division multiplexing. Traffic analysis:  traffic characterization and measurement, arrival and holding time distributions, loss systems, lost call estimation, network blocking probabilities.

Unit III 
Digital telephony: Introduction, advantages and disadvantages of digital voice network, voice digitization, time division multiplexing of PCM signals, digital carrier, Super-frame TDM format, Fractional T Carrier Service, Digital hierarchy, Master Group and Commercial TV, Picture Phone Terminal, Data Terminal, Digital Carrier Line Encoding, Duty Cycle, Bandwidth Requirement, Clock and Framing Bit Recovery, Error Detection, T Carrier System, T-1 Carrier System, , Statistical TDM, Codec and Combo Chips.

Unit IV 
Digital transmission: Introduction, digital data and digital signal, pulse transmission, inter-symbol, interference, synchronous and asynchronous transmission, line coding – level encoding, bipolar coding, Code Space redundancy, N zero substitution, Pair Selected ternary, Ternary coding, digital bi-phase, differential encoding, coded mark inversion, multilevel signaling, partial response signaling, error performance, performance monitoring, time division multiplexing - Bit vs Word Interleaving, framing, TDM loops and rings.

Unit V 
Digital switching: Switching function, space division switching, multistage switching, non-blocking switches, blocking probabilities, four wire switches, switch matrix control, time division switching – analog and digital, two dimensional switching, multi stage time and space switching, STS and TST switching, digital cross connect systems, digital switching in analog environment.



                                         EC-502 Electromagnetic Theory  


Unit I 
Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical co-ordinate systems, scalar and vector fields, gradient, divergence and curl of a vector field, Divergence theorem and Stokes’s theorem, concept of vectors. Electrostatic Fields – Coulomb’s law, electric field intensity due to different charge distribution viz. line charge, sheet charge, Field due to continuous volume – electric potential, properties of potential function, potential gradient equipotential surfaces, line of force, Gauss law, applications of Gauss law, Gauss law in point form method of images.

Unit II 
Laplace’s and Poisson’s equations, solution of Laplace’s equation. Electric dipole, dipole moment, potential and electric field intensity due to dipole. Behavior of conductors in an electric field. Conductor and insulator, electric field inside a dielectric, polarization. Boundary value conditions for electric Field. Capacitance and Capacitances of various types of capacitors. Energy stored and energy density in static electric field. Current density, conduction and convection current density, Ohms law in point form, equation of continuity.

Unit III
Static Magnetic Field, Biot-Savart’s law, Magnetic Field intensity due to straight current carrying filament, circular, square and solenoidal current carrying wire. Relationship between magnetic flux, flux density and magnetic field intensity. Ampere’s circuital law and its applications, magnetic field intensity due to infinite sheet and various other configurations, Ampere’s circuital law in point form. Magnetic force, moving charge in a magnetic field, Lorentz force on straight and long current carrying conductors in magnetic field, force between two long and parallel current carrying conductors. Magnetic dipole and dipole moment, a differential current loop as dipole, torque on a current carrying loop in magnetic field, magnetic boundary conditions.

Unit IV
Scalar magnetic potential and its limitations, Vector magnetic potential and its properties, vector magnetic potential due to different simple configurations; Self and Mutual inductances, determination of self and mutual inductances, self inductance of solenoid, toroid coils, mutual inductance between a straight long wire and a square loop. Energy stored in magnetic Field and energy density. Faraday’s Law, transformer and motional EMF equations. Displacement current, Maxwell’s equations as generalization of circuit equations, Maxwell’s equation in free space, Maxwell’s equation for harmonically varying field, static and steady fields. Maxwell’s equations in differential and integral form.

Unit V 
Electro Magnetic Waves: Uniform plane wave in time domain in free space, Sinusoidally time varying uniform plane wave in free space, Wave equation and solution for various medium, Uniform plane wave in dielectrics and conductors.  Poynting Vector theorem, instantaneous, average and complex poynting vector, power loss in a plane conductor, energy storage.  Polarisation of waves. Reflection by conductors and dielectric – Normal and Oblique incidence. Reflection at surface of a conducting medium, surface impedance, transmission line analogy.



                                              EC-503 Digital Communication  

Unit-I 
Random Processes Random variables:- Cumulative distribution function, Probability density function, Mean, Variance and standard deviations of random variable, Gaussian distribution, Error function, Correlation and autocorrelation, Central-limit theorem, Error probability, Power Spectral density of digital data.

Unit-II 
Pulse Modulation Analog Signals:- Sampling of Signal, Sampling Theorem for Low Pass and Band Pass Signals, Aliasing, Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM), Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Channel Bandwidth for PAM-TDM Signal, Types of Sampling, Instantaneous, Natural and Flat Top (Mathematical and Spectral Analysis), Aperture Effect, Introduction to Pulse Position and Pulse Duration Modulation.

Unit-III 
Pulse Code Modulation Digital Signal:- Quantization, Quantization Error, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), Signal-to-Noise Ratio in PCM, Companding, Data Rate and Bandwidth of Multiplexed PCM Signal, Inter-symbol Interference, Differential PCM (DPCM), Delta Modulation (DM), and Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM), Comparison of various system in terms of Bandwidth and Signal-to-Noise Ratio.

Unit-IV
Digital Modulation Techniques :- Analysis, Generation and Detection (Block Diagram), Spectrum and Bandwidth of Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK), Offset and Non-offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), M-ary PSK, Binary Frequency Shift Keying (BFSK), M-ary FSK, Minimum Shift Keying, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), Comparison of digital modulation techniques on the basis of probability of error, Matched Filter.

Unit–V 
Spread Spectrum Modulation Introduction to Spread Spectrum modulation, Generation and Characteristics of p-n Sequences, Direct sequence Spread Spectrum System, Spread Spectrum with Code division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum.

List of Experiments: Simulation of different modulation techniques using Scilab (Freeware-Downloadable from www.Scilab.org) /Matlab/Any Similar Software. Plotting of signal constellation diagrams and signals (modulated/ unmodulated). Calculation of Bit error rates BER and comparison of various modulation techniques.
1. Study of Sampling Process and Signal Reconstruction and Aliasing.
2. Study of PAM, PPM and PDM.
3. Study of PCM Transmitter and Receiver.
4. Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) and Demultiplexing.
5. Study of ASK, PSK and FSK Transmitter and Receiver.


     
                  EC-504 Microprocessor, Microcontroller and Embedded Systems     


Unit -I 
Microprocessor 8086 Architecture - BIU and EU, Registers, Pin Diagram, Memory Addressing, Clock Generator 8284, Buffers and Latches, Maximum and Minimum Modes.

Unit -II 
Addressing Modes, Instruction set of 8086, Assembly Language Programming, Assemblers, Procedures, Macros, Interrupts, 8086 Based Multiprocessor Systems - Coprocessors (8087 NDP), Closely and Loosely Coupled Multiprocessor Systems (8089 IOP).

Unit -III
Interfacing Chips- IC 8155 (Static Ram with I/O Ports and Timer), 8755 (EPROM with I/O Ports), 8251A (USART), 8255A (Programmable Peripheral Interface), 8253/8254 (Programmable Interval Timer/Counter), 8257 (DMA Controller), 8259A (Programmable Interrupt Controller).

Unit -IV 
Microcontrollers - Microcontroller 8051- Architecture, Pin Diagram, I/O Ports, Internal RAM and Registers, Interrupts, Addressing Modes, Memory Organization and External Addressing, Instruction Set, Assembly Language Programming, Real Time Applications of Microcontroller- Interfacing with LCD, ADC, DAC, Stepper Motor, Key Board and Sensors.

Unit -V 
Embedded Systems-Introduction, Classification, Processors, Hardware Units, Software Embedded into System, Applications and Products of Embedded Systems, Structural Units in Processor, Memory Devices, I/O Devices, Buses, Interfacing of Processor Memory and I/O Devices, Case Study of an Embedded System for a Smart Card.  


List of Experiments: 
1. Assembly Language Programs of Microprocessor 8086,
2. Assembly Language Programs of Microcontroller 8051.
3. Assembly Language Programs for Interfacing Chips.




                                           EC-505 CMOS VLSI Design  Category 


Unit -I 
Introduction CMOS Logic: Inverter, NAND Gate, Combinational Logic, NOR Gate, Compound Gates, Pass Transistors and Transmission Gates, Tristates, Multiplexers, Latches and Flip-Flops, CMOS Fabrication and Layout: Inverter Cross- section, Fabrication Process, Layout Design rules, Gate Layout, Stick Diagrams. VLSI Design Flow.  MOS Transistor Theory: Ideal I-V Characteristics, C-V Characteristics: MOS Capacitance Models, MOS Gate Capacitance Model, MOS Diffusion Capacitance Model. Non ideal I-V Effects: Velocity Saturation and Mobility Degradation, Channel Length Modulation, Body Effect, Subthreshold Conduction, Junction Leakage, Tunneling, Temp. and Geometry Dependence. DC Transfer characteristics: Complementary CMOS Inverter DC Characteristics, Beta Ratio Effects, Noise Margin, Ratioed Inverter Transfer Function, Pass Transistor DC Characteristics, Tristate Inverter,  Switch- Level RC Delay Models.

Unit -II 
CMOS Processing Technology CMOS Technologies: Background, Wafer Formation, Photolithography, Well and Channel Formation, Silicon Dioxide (SiO2), Isolation, Gate Oxide, Gate and Source/Drain Formation, Contacts and Metallization, Passivation, Metrology. Layout Design Rules: Design Rules Background, Scribe Line and Other Structures, MOSIS Scalable CMOS Design Rules, Micron Design Rules. CMOS Process Enhancements: Transistors, Interconnect, Circuit Elements, Beyond Conventional CMOS.

Unit -III 
Circuit Characterization and Performance Estimation Delay Estimation: RC Delay Models, Linear Delay Model, Logical Effort, Parasitic Delay. Logical Effort and Transistor Sizing: Delay in a Logic Gate, Delay in Multistage Logic Networks, choosing the Best Number of Stages. Power Dissipation: Static Dissipation, Dynamic Dissipation, Low-Power Design. Interconnect: Resistance, Capacitance, Delay, Crosstalk. Design Margin: Supply Voltage, Temperature, Process Variation, Design Corners. Reliability, Scaling.

Unit -IV 
Analog Circuits MOS Small-signal Model, Common Source Amplifier, The CMOS Inverter as an Amplifier, Current Mirrors, Differential Pairs, Simple CMOS Operational Amplifier, Digital to Analog Converters, Analog to Digital Converters, RF Circuits.

Unit -V 
Combinational Circuit Design Circuit Families: Static CMOS, Ratioed Circuits, Cascode Voltage Switch Logic, Dynamic Circuits, Differential Circuits, Sense Amplifier Circuits, BiCMOS Circuits, Low Power Logic Design, Comparison of Circuit Families. Standard Cell Design: Cell Hierarchies, Cell Libraries, Library Entries, Cell Shapes and Floor Planning.


List of Experiments: 
1. Design of MOS Generator Using any Electronic Design Automation (EDA)- eg. Microwind / Cadence / Sylvaco / Tanner silicon HiPer / Xilinx ISE 9i or any similar software
2. DC MOSFET Curves using EDA.
3. Design of CMOS Logic Gates using EDA.
4. Draw the following CMOS circuits using 0.12 µm and 65 nm technology and simulate for transfer characteristics along with 2D and 3D view from 450 angles. Compare power consumption and rise/fall delays in both technologies:  a. CMOS Inverter with 0.1pF and 0.1fF capacitance loads, in both cases with equal rise and fall times.  Plot output eye diagram also. b. CMOS NAND and NOR gates with 0.01pF load and equal rise and fall times. Comment on area requirement of both gates.
5. To design Current Mirror using CMOS 0.18 micron Technology.
6. Design a basic differential amplifier circuit using current mirror logic.   Show gain of amplifier and comment on bandwidth.
7. Design the Schmitt trigger circuit with UTP= 4.5 V and LTP = 2.0 V. Plot transfer curve analysis (with hysteresis effect) VO versus VI.
8. Design a 2-bit parallel adder from schematic and its CMOS layout.



                     EC-506 Software Lab-II- Hardware Description Languages  

SECTION A: ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION SOFTWARE  
Introduction to EDA environment, eg. Microwind / Cadence / Sylvaco / Tanner silicon HiPer / Xilinx ISE 9i / any similar software / Any Freeware - EDA, its study and simulation/analysis/design of circuits. (The EDA tool package should have equal number of perpetual licenses for all modules and should have GUI)

SECTION B: VERILOG 
Introduction, Language Element, Expression, Gate Level Modeling, User-Defined Primitives, Data Flow Modeling, Behavioral Modeling, Structural Modeling, Synthesize, Verilog Constructs To G ate, Modeling- Combinational Logic, Modeling-Sequential Logic, Modeling A Memory.

SECTION C: VHDL 
Introduction, Entity Declaration, Architecture Body, Configuration and Package Declaration, Package Body, Model Analysis, Simulation, Basic Language Elements, Behavioral Modeling, Data Flow Modeling, Structural Modeling.


List of Experiments: 
Section A: Study and Experiments based on EDA environment. Section B and C:Simulation of Following Using Verilog/VHDL.
1. Half Adder, Full Adder, Subtractor, Flip-Flop’s, 4-bit Comparators
2. Multiplexers -  2:1, 4:1 and 8:1
3. Parity Generator.
4. 4 Bit Up/Down Counter with Loadable Count.
5. Decoders –
6.  2:4, 3:8 and 4:16.
7. 8-bit Shift Resistors.
8. Barauel Shifter.
9. Design of 8-bit Arithmetic unit.
10. N by M Binary Multiplier. 

Continue Reading →

RGPV B.E Computer Science 5th Sem (Grading System) Syllabus

                                                CS-501 – Data Communication 



UNIT :- I 
Introduction to data communication: Components , data representation ,data flow and basic model ,data representation ,Serial & Parallel transmission , Modes of data transmission, Encoding:Unipolar,Polar ,Bipolar line & block codes ,Data compression ,Frequency dependant codes, Run length encoding ,Relative encoding ,LZ Compression ,Image and multimedia compression. Review of analog & digital transmission methods, Nyquist Theorem .

UNIT:-2 
Multiplexing: FDM, TDM, WDM, Synchronous & Statistical TDM, North American digital multiplexing hierarchy, European TDM, Spread spectrum: Frequency Hopping & Direct Sequence spread spectrum. Terminal handling & polling. Switched Communication Networks: Circuit, Message, Packet & Hybrid Switching, Softswitch Architecture with their comparative study, X.25, ISDN.

UNIT:-3 
Physical Layer: Introduction, Interface, Standards, EIA-232-D, RJ-45, RJ-11, BNC connector & EIA-449 digital Interface: Connection, specifications & configuration, X.21 Modem: Types, features, signal constellation, block schematic, limited distance, dial up, baseband,line driver, Group Band and Null modems etc., ITU-T V-series modem standards Connecting Devices: Active and Passive Hubs, Repeaters, Bridges, Two & Three layer switches & Gateway. Study of various types of topology and their comparative study and introduction to queing theory.

UNIT:-4 
Transmission Media: Transmission line characterestics, distortions, Crosstalk, Guided Media: Twisted Pair, Baseband & Broadband Coaxial.Optical Fibre : Physics and velocity of propagation of light , Advantages & Disadvantages ,Block diagram ,Nodes and classification ,Comparision,losses , light source and detectors , Construction, Unguided media : Electromagnetic polarization ,Rays and wavesfront ,electromagnetic spectrum and radiation ,spherical wavefront and inverse square law , wave attenuation and absorption, optical properties of Radio waves , Terestrial Propagation of electromagnetic waves , skip distance , free - space path loss ,Radio waves , Microwave , Infrared & Satellite Communication system . Telephone Network: Components, LATAs, signaling and Services, Digital Subscriber Line: ADSL, HDSL, SDSL, VDSL, Cable TV network for data transfer.

UNIT:-5 
Transmission Errors : Content Error , flow integrity error , methods of error control ,Error detection ,Error correction ,Bit error rate , Error detection methods: Parity checking ,
Checksum Error Detection ,Cyclic Redudancy Check ,Hamming code , Interleaved codes , Block Parity , Convolution code, Hardware Implementation, Checksum .

                   

                                             CS-502 – Operating System  



Unit I
Introduction to System Programs & Operating Systems, Evolution of Operating System (mainframe, desktop, multiprocessor, Distributed, Network Operating System, Clustered & Handheld System), Operating system services, Operating system structure, System Call & System Boots, Operating system design & Implementations, System protection, Buffering & Spooling . Types of Operating System: Bare machine, Batch Processing, Real Time, Multitasking & Multiprogramming, time-sharing system.

Unit II
File: concepts, access methods, free space managements, allocation methods, directory systems, protection, organization ,sharing & implementation issues, Disk & Drum Scheduling, I/0 devices organization, I/0 devices organization, I/0 buffering, I/O Hardware, Kernel I/O subsystem, Transforming I/O request to hardware operations. Device Driver: Path managements, Sub module, Procedure, Scheduler, Handler, Interrupt Service Routine. File system in Linux & Windows

Unit III 
Process: Concept, Process Control Blocks(PCB), Scheduling criteria Preemptive & non Preemptive process scheduling, Scheduling algorithms, algorithm evaluation, multiple processor scheduling, real time scheduling, operations on processes, threads, inter process communication, precedence graphs, critical section problem, semaphores, classical problems of synchronization. Deadlock: Characterization, Methods for deadlock handling, deadlock prevention, deadlock avoidance, deadlock detection, recovery from deadlock, Process Management in Linux.

Unit IV 
Memory Hierarchy, Concepts of memory management, MFT & MVT, logical and physical address space, swapping, contiguous and non-contiguous allocation, paging, segmentation, and paging combined with segmentation. Structure & implementation of Page table.Concepts of virtual memory, Cache Memory Organization, demand paging, page replacement algorithms, allocation of frames, thrashing, demand segmentation.

Unit V 
Distributed operating system:-Types, Design issues, File system, Remote file access, RPC, RMI, Distributed Shared Memory(DSM), Basic Concept of Parallel Processing & Concurent Programming Security & threats protection: Security violation through Parameter, Computer Worms & Virus, Security Design Principle, Authentications, Protection Mechanisms. introduction to Sensor network and parallel operating system. Case study of Unix, Linux & Windows,


List of Experiment 

1. Write a program to implement FCFS CPU scheduling algorithm.
2. Write a program to implement SJF CPU scheduling algorithm.
3. Write a program to implement Priority CPU Scheduling algorithm.
4. Write a program to implement Round Robin CPU scheduling algorithm.
5. Write a program to compare various CPU Scheduling Algorithms over different Scheduling Criteria.
6. Write a program to implement classical inter process communication problem(producer consumer).
7. Write a program to implement classical inter process communication problem(Reader Writers).
8. Write a program to implement classical inter process communication problem(Dining_Philosophers).
 9. Write a program to implement & Compare various page replacement algorithm.
10. Write a program to implement & Compare various Disk & Drum scheduling Algorithms
11. Write a program to implement Banker’s algorithms.
12. Write a program to implement Remote Proccedure Call(RPC).
13. Write a Devices Drivers for any Device or pheriperal.
       


                                          CS-503 – Database Management System   



Unit I 
DBMS Concepts and architecture Introduction, Database approach v/s Traditional file accessing approach, Advantages, of database systems, Data models, Schemas and instances, Data independence, Data Base Language and interfaces, Overall Database Structure, Functions of DBA and designer, ER data model:Entitles and attributes, Entity types, Defining the E-R diagram,Concept of Generalization, Aggregation and Specialization. transforming ER diagram into the tables. Various other data models object oriented data Model, Network data model, and Relational data model, Comparison between the three types of models.

Unit II 
Relational Data models: Domains, Tuples, Attributes, Relations, Characteristics of relations, Keys, Key attributes of relation, Relational database, Schemas, Integrity constraints. Referential integrity, Intension and Extension, Relational Query languages:SQL-DDL, DML, integrity constraints, Complex queries, various joins, indexing, triggers, ssertions,Relational algebra and relational calculus, Relational algebra operations like select, Project,Join, Division, outer union. Types of relational calculus i.e. Tuple oriented and domain oriented relational calculus and its operations.

Unit III
 Data Base Design: Introduction to normalization, Normal forms, Functional dependency, Decomposition, Dependency preservation and losless join, problems with null valued and dangling tuples, multivalued dependencies.Query Optimization: Introduction, steps of optimization, various algorithms to implement select, project and join operations of relational algebra, optimization methods: heuristic based, cost estimation based.

Unit IV 
Transaction Processing Concepts: - Transaction System, Testing of Serilizability, Serializability of schedules, conflict & view serializable schedule, recoverability, Recovery from transaction failures. Log based recovery. Checkpoints deadlock handling.Concurrency Control Techniques: - Concurrency Control, locking Techniques for concurrency control, time stamping protocols for concurrency control, validation based protocol, multiple granularity. Multi version schemes, Recovery with concurrent transaction. Introduction to Distributed databases, datamining, datawarehousing, Object Technology and DBMS, Comparative study of OODBMS Vs DBMS . Temporal, Deductive, Multimedia, Web & Mobile database .

Unit V 
Study of Relational Database Management Systems through Oracle/Postgres SQL/MySQL: Architecture, physical files, memory structures, background process. Concept of table
spaces, segments, extents and block. Dedicated server, multi threaded server. Distributed database, database links, and snapshot. Data dictionary, dynamic performance view.Security, role management, privilege management, profiles, invoker defined security model. SQL queries, Data extraction from single, multiple tables equi-join, non equi-join, self-join, outer join. Usage of like, any, all, exists, in Special operators. Hierarchical queries, inline queries, flashback queries. Introduction of ANSI SQL, anonymous block, nested anonymous block, branching and looping constructs in ANSI SQL. Cursor management: nested and parameterized cursors, Oracle exception handling mechanism. Stored procedures, in, out, in out type parameters,usage of parameters in procedures. User defined functions their limitations. Triggers, mutating errors, instead of triggers. Suggested list of experiments: -

Lab Assignments:

1. Delete duplicate row from the table.
2. Display the alternate row from table.
 3. Delete alternate row from table.
4. Update multiple rows in using single update statement.
5. Find the third highest paid and third lowest paid salary.
6. Display the 3rd, 4th, 9th rows from table.
7. Display the ename, which is start with j, k, l or m.
8. Show all employees who were hired the first half of the month.
9. Display the three record in the first row and two records in the second row and one record in the third row in a single sql statements.
10. Write a sql statements for rollback commit and save points.
11. Write a pl/sql for select, insert, update and delete statements.
12. Write a pl/sql block to delete a record. If delete operation is successful return 1 else return 0.
13. Display name, hire date of all employees using cursors.
14. Display details of first 5 highly paid employees using cursors.
15. Write a database trigger which fires if you try to insert, update, or delete after 7’o’ clock.
16. Write a data base trigger, which acts just like primary key and does not allow duplicate values.
17. Create a data base trigger, which performs the action of the on delete cascade.
18. Write a data base trigger, which should not delete from emp table if the day is Sunday.
19. In this subject the students are supposed to prepare a small database application in complete semester like financial accounting system, Railway reservation system, institute timetable management system. Student record system, library management system, hospital management system etc. in RDBMS as follows: Section A: Solving the case studies using ER datamodel (design of the database) Section B: Implement a miniproject for the problem taken in section A.



                                   CS-504 – Computer Graphics & Multimedia        



Unit-I 
Introduction to raster scan displays, Pixels, frame buffer, Vector & Character generation, random scan systems, Graphics Primitives, Display devices, Display file structure, ScanConversion techniques, line drawing: simple DDA, Bresenham’s Algorithm, Circle Drawing Algorithms. Scan line polygon fill algorithm, boundary-fill and flood-fill algorithms

Unit-II 
2D transformation: Translation, Rotation, Scaling, Shearing, Reflection. Inverse Transformation, Homogenous coordinate system, Matrices Transformation, Composite Transformation. Windowing & Clipping: World Coordinate System, Screen Coordinate System, Viewing Transformation, Line Clipping, Cohen Sutherland, Midpoint Line clipping algorithms, Polygon Clipping: Sutherland –Hodgeman, Weiler-Atherton algorithms.

Unit-III 
3D transformations: translation, rotation, scaling. Parallel & Perspective Projection,Types of Parallel & Perspective Projection. Hidden Surface elimination: Depth comparison, Back face detection algorithm, Painters algorithm, Z-buffer algorithm. Curve generation, Bezier and B-spline methods.

Unit-IV
 Basic Illumination Model, Diffuse reflection, Specular reflection, Phong Shading Gourand shading, ray tracing, color models like RGB, YIQ, CMY, HSV.

Unit –V 
Multimedia System: An Introduction, Multimedia hardware, Multimedia System Architecture. Data & File Format standards. i.e RTF, TIFF, MIDI, JPEG, DIB, MPEG,Audio: digital audio, MIDI, processing sound, sampling, compression. Video: Avi, 3GP,MOV, MPEG , compression standards, compression through spatial and temporal redundancy. Multimedia Authoring .

LIST OF PRACTICAL

1. A BRIEF STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES.
2. PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT A LINE USING SLOPE INTERCEPT FORMULA.
3. PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT LINE USING DDA ALGORITHM.
4 .PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT LINE USING BRESENHAM’S ALGORITHM.
5. PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT CIRCLE USING MID POINT ALGORITHM.
6. PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT TRANSLATION OF A LINE AND TRIANGLE
7. PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT ROTATION OF A LINE AND TRIANGLE
8. PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT SCALING TRANSFORMATION.
9. PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT 3D ROTATION ABOUT AN ARBITRARY AXIS .
10. PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT COHEN SUTHERLAND LINE CLIPPING .
11. PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT SUTHERLAND HODGMAN POLYGON CLIPPING .
12. PROGRAM TO DRAW BEZIER CURVE. 13. PROGRAM TO DRAW B-SPLINE CURVE .                    



                                            CS-505 – Theory of Computation  



UNIT 1:
Automata: Basic machine, FSM , Transition graph, Transition matrix, Deterministic and nondeterministic FSM’S, Equivalence of DFA and NDFA, Mealy & Moore machines, minimization of finite automata, Two-way finite automata. Regular Sets and Regular Grammars: Alphabet, words, Operations, Regular sets, Finite automata and regular expression, Myhill- Nerode theorem Pumping lemma and regular sets, Application of pumping lemma, closure properties of regular sets.

UNIT 2:
Context –Free Grammars: Introduction to CFG, Regular Grammars, Derivation trees and Ambiguity, Simplification of Context free grammars, Normal Forms (Chomsky Normal Form and Greibach Normal forms).

UNIT 3:
 Pushdown Automata: Definition of PDA, Deterministic Pushdown Automata, PDA corresponding to given CFG, CFG corresponding to a given PDA. Context Free Languages: The pumping lemma for CFL’s, Closure properties of CFL’s, Decision problems involving CFL’s.

UNIT 4:
Turing Machines: Introduction, TM model, representation and languages acceptability of TM Design of TM,Universal TM & Other modification, Church’s hypothesis, composite & iterated TM. Turing machine as enumerators.Properties of recursive & recursively enumerable languages,Universal Turing machine

UNIT 5: 
Tractable and Untractable Problems: P, NP, NP complete and NP hard problems, examples of these problems like satisfy ability problems, vertex cover problem, Hamiltonian path problem, traveling sales man
problem, Partition problem etc.


                                    CS-506 – Computer Programming V (Unix/Linux-Lab.)



Overview of Unix/Linux: - Concepts, Unix/Linux Installation Process, Hardware Requirements for Unix/Linux ,Advantages of Unix/Linux, Reasons for Popularity and Success of Linux/Unix Operating System, Features of Linux/Unix Operating System, Kernel, Kernel Functions, The Shell Basic Commands, Shell Programming:-Shell Variables, Branching Control Structures, Loop-Control Structure, Continue and break Statements, Sleep Command, Debugging Script. Use of Linux as web-server, file server, directory server, application server, DNS server, SMTP server, Firewall, Proxy server.
File System: - Definition of File System, Defining Geometry, Disk Controller, Solaris File System, Disk Based File Systems, Network-Based File Systems, Virtual File systems, UFS File System, The Boot Block, The Super Block, The Inode, Tuning File System, Repairing File System.
Process Control: - Viewing a Process, Command to display Process, Process Attributes, Process States, Process Fields, PS Commands options, PGREP, PRSTAT, CDE Process Manager, Scheduling Process, Scheduling Priorities, Changing the Priority of a time-sharing process, Killing Process.
System Security: - Physical Security, Controlling System Access, Restricted Shells Controlling File Access, File Access Commands, Access Control List(ACLs), Setting ACL Entries, Modifying ACL entries on a file, Deleting ACL entries on a file, Restricting FTP, Securing Super User Access, Restricting Root Access, Monitoring super user Access, TCP Wrappers.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol: - Introduction, DHCP Leased Time, DHCP Scopes, DHCP IP Address, Allocation Types, Planning DHCP Deployment, DHCP Configuration files, Automatic Startup of DHCP Server, Configuration of DHCP Clients, Manually Configuring the DHCP.
Case Study: - Installation of Linux, Customization of Linux, Installation of SAMBA, APACHE, TOMCAT, Send MAIL, Postfix, Implementation of DNS, LDAP services, Firewall, Proxy server


List of Experiments:- 

1. To Study basic & User status Unix/Linux Commands.
2. Study & use of commands for performing arithmetic operations with Unix/Linux.
3. Create a file called wlcc.txt with some lines and display how many lines, words and characters are present in that file. 4. Append ten more simple lines to the wlcc.txt file created above and split the appended file into 3 parts. What will be the names of these split files? Display the contents of each of these files. How many lines will be there on the last file?
5. Given two files each of which contains names of students. Create a program to display only those names that are found on both the files.
6. Create a program to find out the inode number of any desired file.
7. Study & use of the Command for changing file permissions.
8. Write a pipeline of commands, which displays on the monitor as well as saves the information about the number of users using the system at present on a file called usere.ux.
9. Execute shell commands through vi editor.
10. Installation, Configuration & Customizations of Unix/Linux.
11. Write a shell script that accepts any number of arguments and prints them in the reverse order.
12. Write a shell script to find the smallest of three numbers that are read from the keyboard.
13. Write a shell script that reports the logging in of a specified user within one minute after he/she logs in. The script automatically terminates if the specified user does not login during a specified period of time.
14. Installation of SAMBA, APACHE, TOMCAT.
15. Implementation of DNS, LDAP services,
16. Study & installation of Firewall & Proxy server

Continue Reading →