RGPV B.E Electronics&Communication 7th Sem (Grading System) Syllabus

                          EC 701 Elective – I (EC – 7011 Wireless Communication) 


Unit-I 
Introduction Applications and requirements of wireless services: history, types of services, requirements for the services, economic and social aspects. Technical challenges in wireless communications: multipath propagation, spectrum limitations, limited energy, user mobility, noise and interference-limited systems. Propagation mechanism: free space loss, reflection and transmission, diffraction, scattering by rough surfaces, wave guiding.

Unit-II 
Wireless Propagation channels Statistical description of the wireless channel: time invariant and variant two path models, small-scale fading with and without a dominant component, Doppler spectra, temporal dependence of fading, large scale fading. Wideband and directional channel characteristics: causes of delay dispersion, system theoretic description of wireless channels, WSSUS model, condensed parameters, ultra wideband channels, directional description.

Unit-III
Channel models: Narrowband, wideband and directional models, deterministic channel-modeling methods. Channel sounding: Introduction, time domain measurements, frequency domain analysis, modified measurement methods, directionally resolved measurements. Antennas: Introduction, antennas for mobile stations, antennas for base stations.

Unit-IV 
Transceivers and signal processing: Structure of a wireless communication link: transceiver block structure, simplified models. Modulation formats, demodulator structure, error probability in AWGN channels, error probability in flat-fading channels, error probability in delay and frequency-dispersive fading channels.

Unit V 
Diversity: Introduction, microdiversity, macrodiversity and simulcast, combination of signals, error probability in fading channels with diversity reception, transmit diversity. Equalizers: Introduction, linear equalizers, decision feedback equalizers, maximum likelihood sequence estimation (Viterbi detector), comparison of equalizer structures, fractional spaced equalizers, blind equalizers.




                        EC 701 Elective – I (EC – 7012 Digital Image Processing)   



Unit-I 
Digital Image Processing (DIP) Introduction, examples of fields that use DIP, fundamental steps in DIP, components of an image processing system. Digital Image Fundamentals: elements of visual perception, image sensing and acquisition, image sampling and quantization, basic relationships between pixels.

Unit-II 
Image Transforms Two-dimensional (2D) impulse and its shifting properties, 2D continuous Fourier Transform pair, 2D sampling and sampling theorem, 2D Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), properties of 2D DFT. Other transforms and their properties: Cosine transform, Sine transform, Walsh transform, Hadamard transform, Haar transform, Slant transform, KL transform.

Unit-III 
Image Enhancement Spatial domain methods: basic intensity transformation functions, fundamentals of spatial filtering, smoothing spatial filters (linear and non-linear), sharpening spatial filters (unsharp masking and high boost filters), combined spatial enhancement method. Frequency domain methods: basics of filtering in frequency domain, image smoothing filters (Butterworth and Gaussian low pass filters), image sharpening filters (Butterworth and Gaussian high pass filters), selective filtering.

Unit-IV
Image Restoration Image degradation/restoration, noise models, restoration by spatial filtering, noise reduction by frequency domain filtering, linear position invariant degradations, estimation of degradation function, inverse filtering, Wiener filtering, image reconstruction from projection.

Unit-V 
Image Compression Fundamentals of data compression: basic compression methods: Huffman coding, Golomb coding, LZW coding, Run-Length coding, Symbol based coding. Digital image watermarking, representation and description- minimum perimeter polygons algorithm (MPP).




                             EC 701 Elective – I (EC – 7013 Neural Networks)  


Unit-I
Neural Network (NN) Introduction, benefits of neural network, models of a neuron, neural network as directed graph, network architectures, artificial intelligence and neural network. Learning processes: error correction learning, memory based learning, Hebbian learning, competitive learning, Boltzman learning, learning tasks, adaptation, statistical nature of learning process, statistical learning theory.

Unit-II 
Perceptrons Single layer perceptrons: adaptive filtering problem, unconstrained optimization technique, linear least squares filter, least mean square algorithm (LMS), perceptron convergence theorem Multi layer perceptron: architecture, back propagation algorithm, generalization, approximations of functions, network pruning techniques.

Unit-III 
Radial Basis Function (RBF) Networks Cover’s theorem on the separability of patterns, interpolation problem, supervised learning as an Ill-posed hyper surface reconstruction problem, regularization theory, regularization network, generalized radial basis function networks (RBF), estimation of the regularization parameter, approximation properties of RBF networks, comparison of RBF networks and multilayer perceptrons, Kernel regression and its relation to RBF networks, learning strategies.

Unit-IV 
Information- Theoretic Models Entropy, maximum entropy principle, mutual information, Kullback-Leibler divergence, mutual information as an objective function to be optimized, maximum mutual information principle, infomax and redundancy reduction, spatially coherent and incoherent features, independent components analysis, maximum likelihood estimation, maximum entropy method.

Unit V 
Dynamically Driven Recurrent Networks introduction, recurrent network architectures, state space model, non-linear autogressive with exogenous inputs model, computational power of recurrent networks, learning algorithms, back propagation through time, real time recurrent learning, Kalman filter, decoupled Kalman filter, vanishing gradients in recurrent networks, system identification, model reference adaptive control.




                                            EC-702 Satellite Communication    



Unit-I 
Overview of satellite systems: Introduction, Frequency allocations for satellite systems. Orbits and launching methods: Kepler’s three laws of planetary motion, terms used for earth orbiting satellites, orbital elements, apogee and perigee heights, orbit perturbations, inclined orbits, local mean solar point and sun-synchronous orbits, standard time.

Unit-II 
The Geostationary orbit: Introduction, antenna look angles, polar mount antenna, limits of visibility, near geostationary orbits, earth eclipse of satellite, sun transit outage, launching orbits. Polarization: antenna polarization, polarization of satellite signals, cross polarization discrimination. Depolarization: ionospheric, rain, ice.

Unit-III 
The Space segment: introduction, power supply, attitude control, station keeping, thermal control, TT&C subsystem, transponders, antenna subsystem, Morelos and Satmex 5, Anik-satellites, Advanced Tiros-N spacecraft. The Earth segment: introduction, receive-only home TV systems, master antenna TV system, Community antenna TV system, transmit-receive earth station.

Unit-IV
The space link: Introduction, Equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIPR), transmission losses, the link power budget equation, system noise, carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N), the uplink, the downlink, effects of rain, combined uplink and downlink C/N ratio, inter modulation noise, inter-satellite links. Interference between satellite circuits.

Unit-V 
Satellite services VSAT (very small aperture terminal) systems: overview, network architecture, access control protocols, basic techniques, VSAT earth station, calculation of link margins for a VSAT star network. Direct broadcast satellite (DBS) Television and radio: digital DBS TV, BDS TV system design and link budget, error control in digital DBS-TV, installation of DBS-TV antennas, satellite radio broadcasting.



                                              EC-703 Optical Communication     



Unit-I 
Overview of Optical Fiber Communications (OFC): Motivation, optical spectral bands, key elements of optical fiber systems. Optical fibers: basic optical laws and definitions, optical fiber modes and configurations, mode theory for circular waveguides, single mode fibers, graded-index fiber structure, fiber materials, photonic crystal fibers, fiber fabrication, fiber optic cables.

Unit-II 
Optical sources: Light emitting diodes (LED): structures, materials, quantum efficiency, LED power, modulation of an LED. Laser diodes: modes, threshold conditions, laser diode rate equations, external quantum efficiency, resonant frequencies, structure and radiation patterns, single mode lasers, modulation of laser diodes. Power launching and coupling: source to fiber power launching, fiber to fiber joints, LED coupling to single mode fibers, fiber splicing, optical fiber connectors.

Unit-III 
Photo detectors: pin photo detector, avalanche photodiodes, photo detector noise, detector response time, avalanche multiplication noise. Signal degradation in optical fibers: Attenuation: units, absorption, scattering losses, bending losses, core and cladding losses. Signal distortion in fibers: overview of distortion origins, modal delay, factors contributing to delay, group delay, material dispersion, waveguide dispersion, polarization-mode dispersion. Characteristics of single mode fibers: refractive index profiles, cutoff wavelength, dispersion calculations, mode field diameter, bending loss calculation. Specialty fibers.

Unit-IV 
Optical receivers: fundamental receiver operation, digital receiver performance, eye diagrams, coherent detection: homodyne and heterodyne, burst mode receiver, analog receivers. Digital links: point to point links, link power budget, rise time budget, power penalties. Analog links: overview of analog links, carrier to noise ratio, multi channel transmission techniques.

Unit-V 
Optical technologies Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) concepts: operational principles of WDM, passive optical star coupler, isolators, circulators, active optical components: MEMS technology, variable optical attenuators, tunable optical filters, dynamic gain equalizers, polarization controller, chromatic dispersion compensators. Optical amplifiers: basic applications and types of optical amplifiers, Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFA): amplification mechanism, architecture, power conversion efficiency and gain. Amplifier noise, optical SNR, system applications. Performance Measurement and monitoring: measurement standards, basic test equipment, optical power measurements, optical fiber characterization, eye diagram tests, optical time-domain reflectometer, optical performance monitoring.


List of Experiments:
1. Launching of light into the optical fiber and calculate the numerical aperture and V-number.
2. Observing Holograms and their study.
3. Measurement of attenuation loss in an optical fiber.
4. Diffraction using gratings.
5. Construction of Michelson interferometer.
6. Setting up a fiber optic analog link and study of PAM.
7. Setting up a fiber optic digital link and study of TDM and Manchester coding.
8. Measurement of various misalignment losses in an optical fiber.                                                  
 



                                            EC-704 Microwave Engineering     


Unit-I 
Microwave Transmission System General representation of EM field in terms of TEM, TE and TM components, Uniform guide structures, rectangular wave guides, Circular Wave guides, Solution in terms of various modes, Properties of propagating and evanescent modes, Dominant modes, Normalized model voltages and currents, Power flow and energy storage in modes frequency range of operation for single mode working, effect of higher order modes, Strip line and micro strip lines general properties, Comparison of coaxial, Micro strip and rectangular wave guides in terms of band width, power handling capacity, economical consideration etc.

Unit-II
Microwave Networks and Component Transmission line ports of microwave network, Scattering matrix, Properties of scattering matrix of reciprocal, Non reciprocal, loss less, Passive networks, Examples of two, three and four port networks, wave guide components like attenuator, Phase shifters and couplers, Flanges, Bends, Irises, Posts, Loads, Principle of operation and properties of E-plane, H-plane Tee junctions of wave guides, Hybrid T, Multi-hole directional coupler, Directional couplers, Microwave resonators- rectangular. Excitation of wave guide and resonators by couplers. Principles of operation of non reciprocal devices, properties of ferrites, Isolators and phase shifters.

Unit-III
Microwave Solid State Devices and Application PIN diodes, Properties and applications, Microwave detector diodes, detection characteristics, Varactor diodes, parametric amplifier fundamentals, Manley-Rowe power relation MASER, LASER , Amplifiers, Frequency converters and harmonic generators using varactor diodes, Transferred electron devices, Gunn effect, Various modes of operation of Gunn oscillator, IMPATT, TRAPATT and BARITT.

Unit-IV
Microwave Vacuum Tube Devices Interaction of electron beam with electromagnetic field, power transfer condition. Principles of working of two cavity and Reflex Klystrons, arrival time curve and oscillation conditions in reflex klystrons, mode- frequency characteristics. Effect of repeller voltage variation on power and frequency of output. Principle of working of magnetrons. Electron dynamics in planar and cylindrical magnetrons, Cutoff magnetic field, Resonant cavities in magnetron, Π-mode operation Mode separation techniques, Rising sun cavity and strapping. Principle of working of TWT amplifier. Slow wave structures, Approximate gain relationship in forward wave TWT.

Unit-V 
Microwave Measurements Square law detection, Broadband and tuned detectors. Wave-guide probes, Probe and detector mounts, Slotted line  arrangement and VSWR meter, Measurement of wave-guide impedance at load port by slotted line, Microwave bench components and source modulation. Measurement of scattering matrix parameters, High, Medium and low-level power measurement techniques, Characteristics of bolometers, bolometer mounts, Power measurement bridges, Microwave frequency measurement techniques, calibrated resonators (transmission and absorption type). Network Analyzer and its use in measurements.

List of Experiments: Following illustrative practical should be simulated with the help of any RF simulation software:-
1. Study the characteristics of Klystron Tube and to determine its electronic tuning range.
2. To determine the frequency and wavelength in a rectangular wave-guide working on TE10 mode.
3. To determine the Standing Wave-Ratio and reflection coefficient.
4. To measure an unknown impedance with Smith Chart.
5. To study the V-I characteristics of Gunn Diode.
6. To study the following characteristics of Gunn Diode.
(a) Output power and frequency as a function of voltage.
(b) Square wave modulation through PIN diode.
7. Study the function of Magic Tee by measuring the following parameters.
(a) Measurement of VSWR at different ports and
(b) Measurement of isolation and coupling coefficient.
8. Study the function of Isolator / Circulator by measuring the following parameters.
(a) Input VSWR measurement of Isolator / Circulator.
(b) Measurement of insertion loss and isolation.
9. Study the function of Attenuator (Fixed and Variable type) by measuring the following parameters.
(a) Input VSWR measurement.
(b) Measurement of insertion loss and attenuation.
10. Study the function of Multi Hole Directional Coupler by measuring the following parameters.
(a) To measure main line and auxiliary line VSWR.
(b) To measure the coupling factor and directivity.
11. Study of a network analyzer and measurements using it.                        
 



                                                   EC-705 VLSI Design   


UNIT I
Practical Consideration and Technology in VLSI Design Introduction, Size and complexity of Integrated Circuits, The Microelectronics Field, IC Production Process, Processing Steps, Packaging and Testing, MOS Processes, NMOS Process, CMOS Process, Bipolar Technology, Hybrid Technology, Design Rules and Process Parameters.

UNIT II 
Device Modeling Dc Models, Small Signal Models, MOS Models, MOSFET Models in High Frequency and small signal, Short channel devices, Sub threshold Operations, Modeling Noise Sources in MOSFET’s, Diode Models, Bipolar Models, Passive component Models.

UNIT III 
Circuit Simulation Introduction, Circuit Simulation Using Spice, MOSFET Model, Level 1 Large signal model, Level 2 Large Signal Model, High Frequency Model, Noise Model of MOSFET, Large signal Diode Current, High Frequency BJT Model, BJT Noise Model, Temperature Dependence of BJT.

UNIT IV 
Structured Digital Circuits and Systems Random Logic and Structured Logic Forms, Register Storage Circuits, Quasi Static Register Cells, A Static Register Cell, Micro coded Controllers, Microprocessor Design, Systolic Arrays, Bit-Serial Processing Elements, Algotronix.

UNIT V
CMOS Processing Technology Basic CMOS Technology, A Basic n-well CMOS Process, Twin Tub Processes, CMOS Process Enhancement, Interconnects and Circuit Elements, Layout Design Rules, Latch up,  Physical Origin, Latch up Triggering, Latch up Prevention, Internal Latch up Prevention Techniques.  




                                             EC-706 Minor Project and Seminar   
The student should select a topic (from the subjects he has studied so far or any topic related to real life
problem). He should do the literature survey, analyze the problem and propose some solution for the same.
He should prepare a detailed (typed) report regarding the topic and should present the same with the help
of power point presentation at the end of the semester. The analysis of the problem may be done with the
help of some software or any hardware (which may be made by the student).                                                



                                                 EC-707 Industrial Training   
Duration: 4 weeks after the VI semester in the summer break. Assessment in VII semester.
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION
For the assessment of industrial training undertaken by the students, following components are considered
with respective weightage.
 
A) Term work In Industry Marks allotted
1. Attendance and General Discipline    05
2. Daily diary Maintenance     05
3. Initiative and Participative attitude during training  05
4. Assessment of training by Industrial Supervisor/s  15
Total        30
(B) Practical/Oral Examination (Viva-voce In Institution Marks allotted
1. Training Report      20
2. Seminar and cross questioning (defense)  30
Total        50

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RGPV B.E Industrial Production 7th Semester (Grading System) Syllabus

                             IP/IE- 701 Elective –I (701 (A) – Materials Management)   


Unit-1 
Purchasing: Functions, objectives of material management (MM); integration concept and production control; inspection; material classification and coding; importance of writing specifications in MM; standardization and variety reduction techniques; forecasting in purchasing, material planning importance and techniques; master and material budgets; organization of purchase department, qualities of materials manager; mass production purchasing, how much to buy at one time; methods ofpurchasing, purchasing procedures, purchasing problems; vendor evaluation and rating, computerized purchasing systems, purchasing in government organizations.

Unit-2
Stores management: Introduction, objective of store keeping, stores functions, stores organization, stores systems and procedures, stores accounting and verification systems, stores location and layout, factor affecting location, centralized and decentralized storing, automated/retrieval storage.

Unit-3 
Material Handling: Planning and operating principles material handling equipments and classification; belt conveyer, chain conveyers, fork lifts, over head cranes, automated material handling in modern industries.

Unit 4
Inventory models: Necessity of inventory in process and safety stock, problem of excess inventory and cycle time (=WIP/ Throughput), JIT/ lean mfg; basic EOQ/ EPQ models for constant review Q-system(S,s); periodic review, base stock P-system; service level, lead time variance and safety stock;; ABC, VED and other analysis based on shelf life, movement, size, MRP technique and calculations, lot sizing in MRP, linking MRP with JIT; evolution of MRP to ERP

Unit-5 
Miscellaneous: Make or buy decisions; outsourcing benefits and risks; dependency on capacity and knowledge; modular and integral products; framework for make/ buy decision based on dependency and modular/ integral products; buyer-seller relationships in conventional and JIT purchasing; negotiations and its planning; tactics and stages in negotiations; disposal of surplus and obsolete material; performance appraisal of MM department.



                 IP/IE- 701 Elective –I (701 (B) – Computer Aided engineering and FEM)   



Unit-I
Introduction : Structural analysis, objectives, static, Dynamic and kinematics analyses, skeletal and continuum structures, Modeling of infinite d.o.f. system into finite d.o.f. system, Basic steps in finite element problem formulation, General applicability of the method.

Unit-II
Element Types and Characteristics : Discretization of the domain, Basic element shapes, Aspect ratio, Shape functions, Generalized co-ordinates and nodal shape functions; ID bar and beam elements, 2D rectangular and triangular elements; axis-symmetric elements.

Unit-III
Assembly of Elements and Matrices: Concept of element assembly, Global and local coordinate systems, Band width and its effects, Banded and skyline assembly, Boundary conditions, Solution of simultaneous equations, Gaussian elimination and Choleksy decomposition methods, Numerical integration, One and 2D applications.

Unit-IV
Higher Order and iso-parametric Elements: One dimensional quadratic and cubic elements, Use of natural co-ordinate system, Area co-ordinate system continuity and convergence requirements, 2D rectangular and triangular requirement.

Unit-V
Static Analysis: Analysis of trusses and frames, Analysis of machine subassemblies, Use commercial software packages, Advantages and limitations

Unit-VI 
Dynamic Analysis: Hamilton's principle, Derivation of equilibrium, Consistent and lumped mass matrices, Derivation of mass matrices for ID elements, Determination of natural frequencies and mode shapes, Use of commercial software packages.




                         IP/IE- 702 Elective –II (702 (A) – Financial Management    



Unit 1 
Working capital management: Determination of level of current assets; sources for financing working capital; bank finance for working capital; working capital financing; short and long term financing of working capital; working capital leverages

Unit 2 
Cash Management: Forecasting cash flows; cash budgets, long-term cash forecasting; monitoring collections and receivables, optimal cash balances; Baumol model, Miller- model, Stone model; strategies for managing surplus fund.

Unit 3 
Capital structure decisions: Capital structure & market value of a firm; theories of capital
structure; NI approach, NOI approach, Modigliani Miller approach, traditional approach; arbitrage process in capital structure; planning the capital structure: EBIT and EPS analysis. ROI & ROE analysis; capital structure policy

Unit 4 
Hybrid Financing: Preferred stock, warrants and convertibles, private equity; venture funds, angel financing; financial management in intangible-intensive companies; characteristics of intangibles, implications for financial managements, types and approaches to valuations of intangible assets.

Unit 5 
Corporate financial modeling: Agency problem and consideration; effect of inflation on; asset value, firm value, returns; financial planning; basis of financial planning, sales forecast method, proforma P & L account method, pro-forma balance sheet method, determination of External Financing Requirement (EFR).

Unit 6 
Financial Management of sick units: Definition of sickness, causes, symptoms, predictions, revival strategies, institutions for revival of sick units; Economic Value Added (EVA) concept, components of EVA; Market Value Added (MVA).



                              IP/IE- 702 Elective –II (702 (B)– MIS, ERP and e- Business        


UNIT 1 
Management Information System (MIS) definition, Objectives and benefits, MIS as strategic tool, obstacles and challenges for MIS, functional and cross functional systems, hierarchical view of CBIS, structured and unstructured decision, Operation and mgt support, Decision process and MIS, info system components and activities, Value chain and MIS support.

UNIT 2 
System concepts: types, definition, characteristics, feedback (Pull) and feed-forward (Push) control, system stress and entropy, computer as closed system, law of requisite variety, open and flexible (Adaptive) systems, work system model and comparison with input-process- output model, five views of work system: structure, performance, infrastructure, context and risk and their effect on product performance.

UNIT 3 
Info concepts: define data, info, knowledge, intelligence and wisdom, Information characteristics and attributes, info measurement and probability, characteristics of human as info processor.

UNIT 4 
Planning and control Concepts: terminologies, difficulties in planning, system analysis and development plan-purpose and participants, info planning, (SDLC) system development life cycle for inhouse and licensed sw, system investigation, analysis of needs, design and implementation phases, training of Operational personnel, evaluation, Control and Maintenance of Information Systems.

UNIT 5 
E-business components and interrelationship, Evolution of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) from MRP, Supply chain management (SCM) and Customer relationship management (CRM), Integrated data model, strategic and operational issues in ERP, Business Process Re-Engineering (BPR), significance and functions, information technology and computer NW support to MIS.



                              IP- 703 – Welding and Non- Destructive Testing    


UNIT I 
Arc welding: Arcing phenomenon, metal transfer in arc welding, arc blow, types of electrode & their coating, electrodes for SMAW/ MIG, TIG, SAW,PAW & their specification. Gas welding: Welding techniques; left ward and right ward welding, filler metals and rods; oxy hydrogen and other fuel gas welding; air acetylene welding.

UNIT II 
Special welding process: Cold pressure welding; diffusion welding, ultra sonic welding explosive welding friction welding and inertia welding; forge welding, electron beam welding; laser beam welding; atomic hydrogen welding; thermit welding, under water welding process, thermal spraying & metal-addition

UNIT III
Weld-ability and Weld-ability testing: Weld-ability of cast iron, effect of alloying elements in Weld-ability; steel, stainless steel, aluminum & copper welding; welding of plastics. Distortion & discontinuities in weld-jobs: Weld-jobs distortion and its control, various discontinuities in welds, residual stresses in weld-jobs; trouble shooting.

UNIT IV 
Non Destructive Testing and inspection of weld-jobs: Non destructive methods of testing weld-jobs; stages of weld inspection and testing, visual inspection ,leak test; stethoscopes test; X-ray and -ray radiography, magnetic particle inspection; liquid(dye) penetrate test; fluorescent penetrate inspection; ultrasonic inspection and Eddy current testing.

UNIT V 
Testing: Pipe, plate, boiler, drum, tank testing. Case-studies weld thermal cycle- residual stresses-distortion-relieving of stresses. Automation in welding: Structure analysis; basic operations, robotic welding, types of welding robots.

List Of Experiments (Please Expand it): 
1. Prepare job of lap and butt joint by electric arc welding
2. Study/ make job on special welding methods like TIG, MIG, laser welding
3. Find welding defects on weld jobs by cutting welded joints
4. Non destructive die penetration testing of weld jobs
5. Experiments on various NDT methods contained in the theory      
 


                                              IP/IE- 704 – Industrial Robotics  


Unit I 
Introduction: Need and importance, basic concepts, structure and classification of industrial robots, terminology of robot motion, motion characteristics, resolution, accuracy, repeatability, robot applications.

Unit II 
End Effectors and Drive systems: Drive systems for robots, salient features and comparison, different types of end effectors, design, applications.

Unit III
Sensors: Sensor evaluation and selection  Piezoelectric sensors  linear position and displacement sensing, revolvers, encoders, velocity measurement, proximity, tactile, compliance and range sensing. Image Processing and object recognition.

Unit IV 
Robot Programming: Teaching of robots, manual, walk through, teach pendant, off line programming concepts and languages, applications.

Unit V
Safety and Economy of Robots: Work cycle time analysis, economics and effectiveness of robots, safety systems and devices, concepts of testing methods and acceptance rule for industrial robots.
 
List Of Experiments (Please Expand it):
1. Study of different types of robots
2. Study of different robot arm motions
3. Study of sensors used in robots
4. Experiments on robot programming
5. Modeling of robots            

                    


                                 IP/IE- 705 – Logistics and Supply Chain Management  


Unit 1 
Introduction: Definition, importance, expenditure and opportunities in SCM; integration of inbound, outbound logistics and manufacturing to SCM, flow of material money and information, difficulties in SCM due to local v/s system wide (global) optimization and uncertainties in demand and transportation; Bull-whip effect; customer value; IT, info-sharing and strategic partnerships;

Unit 2 
Design of Logistics & SC network: Plant and warehouse-network configuration; data collection and aggregation; transportation and mileage costs; warehouse capacity, costs and potential locations; service level requirements; variance reduction by pooling demands; cross docking and transshipments distribution. Distribution channels, elements of logistics, Integrated logistics, organizing for effective logistics lean logistics, reverse logistics, business & marketing logistics value creation in logistics.

Unit 3
Inventory models: Necessity of inventory in process and safety stock, problem of excess inventory and cycle time (=WIP/ Throughput), JIT/ lean mfg; basic EOQ/ EPQ models for constant review Q-system(S,s); periodic review, base stock P-system; service level, lead time variance and safety stock;; ABC, VED and other analysis based on shelf life, movement, size, MRP technique and calculations, lot sizing in MRP, linking MRP with JIT; evolution of MRP to ERP to SCM and e-business.

Unit 4 
Strategic alliance and integration: Outsourcing benefits and risks; dependency on capacity and knowledge; modular and integral products; framework for make/ buy decision based on dependency and modular/ integral products; issues to be addressed in strategic alliance; use and merit/ demerit of third party (3PL) logistic; push, pull and push-pull based supply chains; push-pull boundary, appropriate strategy on matrix of demand uncertainty and economy of scale; coordination and leadership issues; change of purchasing role and vendor rating, variability from multiple suppliers; supply contracts and revenue sharing;

Unit 5 
Role of IT: Value and impact of centralized information on Bullwhip effect; effective forecasts; locating products in SC; lead time reduction; dimensions of customer value; relationship and customer satisfaction; strategic pricing; IT infrastructure;; standardization and compatibility; interface devices, communication and databases; performance measurement in supply chain management; Decision Support Systems for SCM

List Of Experiments (Please Expand it):
1. Case studies and problems related to the theory
2. Design of network configurations using computer



                                            IP/IE- 706 – Minor Project  


Provision of Minor project is made as preparation phase-I for major project or to take it as an independent small project. For details of project see ME-805- Major project                                              
  Grading System 2013 - 14  


                                  IP/IE- 707 – Industrial Training  

Objective of Industrial Training The objective of undertaking industrial training is to provide work experience so that student’s engineering knowledge is enhanced and employment prospects are improved. The student should take this course as a window to the real World and should try to learn as much as possible from real life experiences by involving and interacting with industry staff. Industrial training also provides an opportunity to students to select an engineering problem and possibly an industry guide for their Major Project in final semester.

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RGPV B.E Civil 7th Semester (Grading System) Syllabus

                                CE 701 – Design of Hydraulic Structure    


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Unit - I
Gravity dams: Design Criteria, forces acting on gravity dams, elementary profile, low and high gravity dams, stability analysis, evaluation of profile by method of zoning, practical profile, foundation treatment, construction joints, galleries in gravity dams.

Unit - II  
Earth and Rock fill dams : Earth Dams: Types, causes of failure and design criteria, soils suitable for earth dam construction, construction methods, foundation requirements, typical earth dam sections, estimation of seepage through and below the dam, seepage control, stability of slopes by slip circle method of analysis, pore pressures, sudden draw down, steady seepage and construction pore pressure condition. Rock fill dams: Types, merits and demerits, conditions favourable for their adoption.

Unit - III 
Spillways : Ogee spillway and its design, details of syphon, shaft, chute and side channel spillways, emergency spillways.

Unit - IV 
Energy dissipatiors and gates : Principles of energy dissipation Energy dissipators based on tail water rating curve and jump height curves Spillway crest gates - vertical lift and radial gates, their design principles and details. Design of canal regulating structures, Detaild design of Sarda Falls, design of cross drainage works, sphypon aquaduct.

Unit - V 
Hydropower Plants: Introduction of Hydropower development, assessment of power potential, types of hydropower plants, general features of hydro-electric schemes, selection of turbines, draft tubes, surge tanks, penstocks, power house dimensions, development of micro hydel stations, tidal plants, pumped storage plants and their details.



                           CE 702 – Advanced Structural Design – II (RCC)    


Unit - I 
Design of Multistory Buildings - Sway and nonsway buildings, Shear walls and other bracing elements.

Unit II 
Earth Retaining Structures: Cantilever and counter fort types retaining walls.

Unit - III 
Water Tanks: Tanks on ground and underground tanks: Square, rectangular, circular tanks, Overhead tanks: square, rectangular, circular & intze tanks.

Unit - IV 
Silos and Bunkers

Unit - V 
T-beam & Slab bridges- for highway loading (IRC Loads). Prestressing concepts materials, systems of prestressing & losses Introduction to working & limit State Design.




                                       CE 703 – Environmental Engg. - II  


Unit - I 
Sewerage schemes and their importance, collection & conveyance of sewage, storm water  quantity, fluctuation in sewage flow, flow through sewer, design of sewer, construction & maintenance of sewer, sewer appurtenances, pumps & pumping stations.

Unit -II 
Characteristics and analysis of waste wate, rcycles of decomposition, physical, chemical & biological parameters. Oxygen demand i.e. BOD & COD, TOC, TOD, Th OD, Relative Stability, population equivalent, instrumentation involved in analysis, natural methods of waste water disposal i.e. by land treatment & by dilution, self purification capacity of stream, Oxygen sag analysis.

Unit -III
Unit operations for waste water treatment, preliminary treatment such as screens, grit chamber, floatation tank, sedimentation and chemical clarification, role of micro-organism in biological treatment, Sewage filtration- theory & design.

Unit - IV
Methods of Biological Treatment (Theory & Design) - Activated Sludge process, Oxidation ditch, stabilization ponds, aerated lagoon, anaerobic lagoons, septic tank & imhoff tank, sources & treatment of sludge, sludge thickening and digestion sludge drying beds, sludge disposal.

Unit - V
Advanced Waste Water treatment - Diatomaceorus earth filters, ultrafiltration, Adsorption by activated carbon, Phosphorus removal, Nitrogen removal, Physico chemical waste water treatment, Solid waste disposal - classification, composition, collection, & disposal methods. Rural sanitation - collection & disposal of refuse, sullage & night soil


List of Experiment 
1. To study the various standards for waste water
2. To study the sampling techniques for waste water
3. To determine the alkalinity in water sample
4. To determine the acidity in water sample
5. Determination of Dissolved Oxygen in the water and waste water sample
6. Determination of Biological Oxygen demand of a waste water sample
7. Determination of Chemical Oxygen demand of a waste water sample
8. Determination of various types of solids in the waste water sample
9. Determination of bacterial number by membrane filter Technique
10. Determination of bacterial colonies by standard plat count method



                                       CE 704 – Quantity surveying & Costing    


Unit – I 
Introduction: Purpose and importance of estimates, principles of estimating. Methods of taking out quantities of items of work. Mode of measurement, measurement sheet and abstract sheet; bill of quantities.Types of estimate, plinth area rate, cubical content rate, preliminary, original, revised and supplementary estimates for different projects.

Unit – II 
Rate Analysis: Task for average artisan, various factors involved in the rate of an item, material and labour requirement for various trades; preparation for rates of important items of work. Current schedule of rates. (C.S.R.)

Unit – III
Detailed Estimates: Preparing detailed estimates of various types of buildings, R.C.C. works, earth work calculations for roads and estimating of culverts Services for building such as water supply, drainage and electrification.

Unit – IV 
Cost of Works: Factors affecting cost of work, overhead charges, Contingencies and work charge establishment, various percentages for different services in building. Preparation of DPR.

Unit – V
Valuation: Purposes, depreciation, sinking fund, scrap value, year’s purchase, gross and net income, dual rate interest, methods of valuation, rent fixation of buildings.

Practical & Sessional Works: 
1. Preparation of detailed estimate.
2. Detailed estimate for services of plumbing and water supply or Electrification work.
3. Detailed estimate for earth work for the road construction or arched culvert.
4. Rate analysis for at least 8 items of construction.
5. Preparation of DPR of Civil Engineering Project.        




                 CE- 705 Elective- I (CE- 7101 Computational Methods in  Structural Engineering)


Unit - I. 
Matrix formulation for the principle of virtual work and energy principles, principle of contragradience, stiffness and flexibility matrices, Degree of Freedom. Axial, bending, shear and torsional deformations. Local and Global Element stiffness matrices for bar, beam, shaft, grid, shear wall, beamcolumn, beam with rigid ends, beam on elastic foundation and elements with special boundary conditions. nonprismatic and curved elements, forces and displacements in general coordinate axes, structure stiffness matrix.

Unit - II. 
Basics of the Direct Stiffness method - Analysis of pinjointed frames, rigid jointed structures, plane grids and composite structures for different loads including temperature, shrinkage, prestressing forces. Elastic stability analysis of 2-D rigid jointed frames, (Sway & Nonsway)

Unit - III. 
Concepts of Bandwidth, various storage schemes & equation solvers; Reduction in order of stiffness matrix - use of substructures, static condensation method, Exploiting symmetry, skew symmetry and cyclic symmetry in structures, Imposition of Constraints – Lagrange Multiplier and Penalty Methods.

Unit - IV. 
Analysis of continuum structures - Fundamental equations of theory of elasticity (2D), basic concepts of Finite Element Analysis, derivation of generalised element stiffness matrix and load vectors, convergence requirements, stiffness matrices for various elements using shape functions, Triangular and Rectangular elements. (PSPS)

Unit - V. 
Two Dimensional Iso parametric elements, shape functions for Simplex. Lagrangian and Serendipidity family elements in natural coordinates, computation of stiffness matrix for isoparametric elements, degrading of elements, plate bending elements.



                              CE- 705 Elective- I (CE- 7102 Traffic Engineering)    


Unit -I. 
Traffic Characteristics : (i) Road user’s characteristics - general human characteristics, physical, mental and emotional factors, factors affecting reaction time, PIEV theory. (ii) Vehicular characteristics: Characteristics affecting road design-width, height, length and other dimensions. weight, power, speed and braking capacity of a vehicle.

Unit -II. 
Traffic Studies : (i)Spot Speed Studies and Volume Studies.(ii) Speed and Delay Studies purpose, causes of delay, methods of conducting speed and delay studies. (iii) Origin and  destination Studies ( O & D) : Various methods, collection and interpretation of data, planning and sampling. (iv) Traffic Capacity Studies: Volume, density, basic practical and possible capacities, level of service. (v) Parking Studies: Methods of parking studies cordon counts, space inventories, parking practices.

Unit -III. 
Traffic Operations and Control : (i) Traffic regulations and various means of control.(ii) One way streets- advantages and limitations. (iii) Traffic signals- isolated signals, coordinated signals, simultaneous, alternate, flexible and progressive signal systems. Types of traffic signals, fixed time signals, traffic actuated signals, speed control signals, pedestrian signals, flashing signals, clearance interval and problems on single isolated traffic signal.

Unit -IV. 
Street Lighting : (i) Methods of light distribution. (ii) Design of street lighting system. (iii) Definitions- Luminaire, foot candle, Lumen, utilization and maintenance factors. (iv) Different types of light sources used for street lighting. (v) Fundamental factors of night vision.

Unit -V.
Accident Studies & Mass Transportation : (i) Accident Studies : Causes of accidents, accident studies and records, condition and collision diagram, preventive measures. (ii) Expressways and freeways, problems on mass transportation and remedial measures, brief study of mass transportation available in the country.



                           CE- 705 Elective- I (CE- 7103Industrial Waste Treatment)    



Unit - I. 
Problem of Water Pollution: Effects of wastes on streams and sewage treatment plant. Natural purification of streams. oxygen sag curve. allowable organic load on streams classification of stream, stream standards and effluent standards. requirement of water for different purposes.

Unit - II. 
Measurement of Waste Water Volume: Sampling of waste waters, grab and composite samples. analysis of waste water. biochemical oxygen demand. chemical oxygen demand and pH value of waste, toxicity of waste by bioassay method. Pretreatment of Wastes: Volume and strength reduction, salvage of materials, recovery of by products, reuse of waste water.

Unit - III.
Conventional Methods of Treatment of Waste Water: Removal of suspended solids, removal of inorganic and organic dissolved solids, studge disposal, advance methods of treatment, such as reverse osmosis, ion exchange, electrodialysis, algal harvesting etc. low cost treatment plants. common effluent treatment plant, design and operation.

Unit - IV.
Combined Treatment of Waste Water Sewage: Energy requirement optimization and bedget, municipal regulation, sewer rental charge, instrumentation in waste water treatment plants, collection of data, operation and maintenance of plants, water pollution control board.

Unit - V. 
Brief study of industrial processes and treatment methods of waste water from common industries, such as textile, dairy, paper and pulp, tannery, distillery. Hazardeous wastes- Impact handing and disposal.

 

           CE- 705 Elective- I (CE- 7104 Cost Effective & ECO-Friendly Construction)    



UNIT-I 
Concepts of energy efficient & environment friendly materials and techniques.
Cost effective materials :- Soil, Fly ash, Ferrocement, Lime, Fibres, Stone Dust, Red mud, Gypsum, Alternate Wood, Polymer.
Energy Efficient & Environment friendly building material products :-
Walls - Stabilised and sun dried, soil blocks & bricks, Solid & Hollow concrete blocks, stone masonry blocks, Ferrocement partitions. Roofs - Precast R.C. Plank & Joists roof, Precast channel roof, Precast L-panel roof, Precast Funicular shells, Ferrocement shells, Filler Slab, Seasal Fibre roof, Improved country tiles, Thatch roof, M.C.R. tile.

UNIT-II 
Cost effective construction techniques and equipments :-
(a) Techniques :- Rat trap bond construction, Energy Efficient roofings, Ferrocement technique, Mud Technology. (b) Equipments :- Brick moulding machine, Stablilised soil block making machine and plants for the manufacturing of concrete blocks, M.C.R. tile making machine, Ferrocement wall panel & Roofing channel making machine, R.C.C. Chaukhat making m/c.

UNIT-III 
Cost effective sanitation :- (a)  Waste water disposal system (b)  Cost effective sanitation for rural and urban areas (c)  Ferrocement Drains

UNIT-IV 
Low Cost Road Construction :- Cost effective road materials, stabilization, construction techniques tests, equipment used for construction, drainage, maintenance.

UNIT-V 
Cost analysis and comparison :- (a)  All experimental materials (b)  All experimental techniques          




                      CE- 705 Elective- I (CE- 7105 Environmental Impact Assessment)   


UNIT-I 
Concept of EIA : Introduction of EIA, Utility and scope of EIA, Significant Environmental Impacts, Stage of EIA, Environmental Inventory, Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)

UNIT-II 
Methods of Impact Identification : Environmental Indices and indicators for describing the affected environment, matrix methodologies, network, checklist, and other method.

UNIT-III
Impact analysis : Framework, statement predication and assessment of impact of air, water, noise and socio-economic environment.

UNIT-IV 
Preparation of written documentation : Initial planning phase, detailed planning phase, writing phase, organizing relevant information, co-ordination of team writing effort.

UNIT-V 
Public Participation in Environmental Decision making : Basic definitions, Regulatory requirements, Advantages & disadvantages of Public Participation, Selection of Public participation techniques, Practical considerations for implementation.                          



                                        CE 706 – Minor Project      
Each candidate shall work on an approved project of a public building or any other civil engineering work and shall submit design and a set of drawings. OR Shall submit a detailed report of experimental work/ software package on any specific problem of importance.   

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RGPV B.E Mechanical 7th Semester (Grading System ) Syllabus

                         
                           Elective –I (ME-701 (A) – Design of Heat Exchangers)     


UNIT 1: 
Introduction: Types of heat exchangers heat transfer laws applied to heat exchangers convection Coefficients, resistance caused by the walls and by fouling, overall heat transfer coefficient.

Unit 2:
Thermal & hydraulic design of commonly used heat exchangers : LMTD & NTU Methods, correction factors, Double pipe heat exchangers , shell and tube heat exchangers, condensers , Evaporators ,Cooling and dehumidifying coils ,cooling towers, evaporative condensers ,design of air washers, desert coolers.

Unit 3: 
TEMA standard: Tubular heat exchangers TEMA standard heat-exchanger- nomenclature, selection criteria for different types of shells and front and rear head ends; geometrical characteristics of TEMA heat exchangers.

Unit 4: 
Review of mechanical Design, Materials of Construction, corrosion damage, testing and inspection.

Unit 5: 
Heat Pipe: Basics & its mathematical model, micro Heat Exchangers0, Use of Software in heat exchanger design.



                   ME-701 Elective –I (ME-701 (B) – Computer Aided engineering and FEM    


Unit-I 
Introduction : Structural analysis, objectives, static, Dynamic and kinematics analyses, Skeletal and continuum structures, Modeling of infinite d.o.f. system into finite d.o.f. system, Basic steps in finite element problem formulation, General applicability of the method.

Unit-II 
Element Types and Characteristics : Discretization of the domain, Basic element shapes, Aspect ratio, Shape functions, Generalized co-ordinates and nodal shape functions; ID bar and beam elements, 2D rectangular and triangular elements; axis-symmetric elements.

Unit-III 
Assembly of Elements and Matrices : Concept of element assembly, Global and local coordinate systems, Band width and its effects, Banded and skyline assembly, Boundary conditions, Solution of simultaneous equations, Gaussian elimination and Choleksy decomposition methods, Numerical integration, One and 2D applications.

Unit-IV 
Higher Order and iso-parametric Elements: One dimensional quadratic and cubic elements, Use of natural co-ordinate system, Area co-ordinate system continuity and convergence requirements, 2D rectangular and triangular requirement.

Unit-V 
Static Analysis: Analysis of trusses and frames, Analysis of machine subassemblies, Use commercial software packages, Advantages and limitations

Unit-VI 
Dynamic Analysis: Hamilton's principle, Derivation of equilibrium, Consistent and lumped mass matrices, Derivation of mass matrices for ID elements, Determination of natural frequencies and mode shapes, Use of commercial software packages.



                         ME-701 Elective –I (ME-701 (C) – Industrial Robotics       



Unit I 
Introduction: Need and importance, basic concepts, structure and classification of industrial robots, terminology of robot motion, motion characteristics, resolution, accuracy, repeatability, robot applications.

Unit II 
End Effectors and Drive systems: Drive systems for robots, salient features and comparison, different types of end effectors, design, applications.

Unit III 
Sensors: Sensor evaluation and selection  Piezoelectric sensors  linear position and displacement sensing, revolvers, encoders, velocity measurement, proximity, tactile, compliance and range sensing. Image Processing and object recognition.

Unit IV 
Robot Programming: Teaching of robots, manual, walk through, teach pendant, off line programming concepts and languages, applications.

Unit V 
Safety and Economy of Robots: Work cycle time analysis, economics and effectiveness of robots, safety systems and devices, concepts of testing methods and acceptance rule for industrial robots.
   



                     ME-701 Elective –I (ME-701 (D) – Work Study and Ergonomics       



Unit 1 
Method study: purpose of work study, its objectives, procedure and applications; method study definition and basic procedure, selection of job, various recording techniques like outline process charts, flow process charts, man machine charts, two handed process charts, string diagram, flow diagram, multiple activity chart, simo, cyclographs and chrono-cyclographs; critical examination, development, installation and maintenance of improved method; principles of motion economy and their application in work design; micro motion study, memo motion study and their use in methods study.

Unit 2 
Work measurement: Introduction & definition, objectives and basic procedure of work measurement; application of work measurement in industries; time study: basic procedure, equipments needed, methods of measuring time, selection of jobs, breaking a job into elements; numbers of cycles to be timed; rating and methods of rating, allowances, calculation of standard time. Work sampling: Basic procedure, design of work sampling study conducting work sampling study and establishment of standard-time.

Unit 3 
Job evaluation and incentive schemes: Starlight line, Tailor, Merrick and Gantt incentive plans Standard data system; elemental and non-elemental predetermined motion systems, work factors system; Methods Time Measurement (MTM), MOST

Unit 4
Human factor engineering: Definition and history of development of human factors engineering, types & characteristics of man-machine-system, relative capabilities of human being and machines; development and use of human factor data; information input and processing: Introduction to information theory; factors effecting information reception and processing; coding and selecting of sensory inputs.

Unit 5 
Display systems and anthropometric data: Display- types of visual display, visual indicators and warning signals; factorial and graphic display; general principles of auditory and tactral display, characteristics and selection.




                       ME-702 Elective –II (ME-702 (A) – Renewable Energy System   


UNIT-I
Solar Radiation: Extra-terrestrial and terrestrial, radiation measuring instrument, radiation measurement and predictions. Solar thermal conversion: Basics, Flat plate collectors-liquid and air type. Theory of flat plate collectors, selective coating, advanced collectors, Concentrators: optical design of concentrators, solar water heater, solar dryers, solar stills, solar cooling and refrigeration. Solar photovoltaic: Principle of photovoltaic conversion of solar energy; Technology for fabrication of photovoltaic devices; Applications of solar cells in PV generation systems; Organic PV cells.  

UNIT-II
Wind energy characteristics and measurement: Metrology of wind speed distribution, wind speed statistics, Weibull, Rayleigh and Normal distribution, Measurement of wind data, Energy estimation of wind regimes; Wind Energy Conversion: Wind energy conversion principles; General introduction; Types and classification of WECS; Power, torque and speed characteristics; power curve of wind turbine, capacity factor, matching wind turbine with wind regimes; Application of wind energy.

UNIT-III 
Production of biomass, photosynthesis-C3 & C4 plants on biomass production; Biomass resources assessment; Co2 fixation potential of biomass; Classification of biomass; Physicochemical characteristics of biomass as fuel Biomass conversion routes: biochemical, chemical and thermo chemical Biochemical conversion of biomass to energy: anaerobic digestion, biogas production mechanism, technology, types of digesters, design of biogas plants, installation, operation and maintenance of biogas plants, biogas plant manure-utilization and manure values. Biomass Gasification: Different types, power generation from gasification, cost benefit analysis of power generation by gasification.

UNIT-IV
Small Hydropower Systems: Overview of micro, mini and small hydro system; hydrology; Elements of turbine; Assessment of hydro power; selection and design criteria of turbines; site selection and civil works; speed and voltage regulation; Investment issue load management and tariff collection; Distribution and marketing issues. Ocean Energy: Ocean energy resources, ocean energy routs; Principle of ocean thermal energy conversion system, ocean thermal power plants. Principles of ocean wave energy and Tidal energy conversion.

UNIT-IV 
Geothermal energy: Origin of geothermal resources, type of geothermal energy deposits, site selection geothermal power plants; Hydrogen Energy: Hydrogen as a source of energy, Hydrogen production and storage. Fuel Cells: Types of fuel cell, fuel cell system and sub-system, Principle of working, basic thermodynamics



                      ME-702 Elective –II (ME-702 (B)  – Project Management            


Unit 1 
Concepts of project management:: Meaning, definition and characteristics of a project, technical and socio-cultural dimensions; project life cycle phases, project planning and graphic presentation; work breakdown structure, manageable tasks; size of network; blow down NW; identity and logic dummy activity; Fulkerson rule for numbering NW; time-scaled NW

Unit-2 
NW analysis: PERT network; mean time and variances; probability to complete PERT project in specified time; CPM network; Event Occurrence Time (EOT); activity start/ finish times; forward and reverse path calculations, concept and calculation of floats; resource allocation and critical-chain; overview of MS-project-2000.

Unit-3 
Project duration and control: Importance and options to accelerate project completion; timecost tradeoff; fixed variable and total costs; use of floats and cost optimization; project performance measures; project monitoring info and reports; project control process; Gant chart and control chart; cost-schedule S-graph; planned cost of work schedule (PV), budgeted/ earned cost of work completed (EV) and actual cost of work completed (AC); schedule and cost variances (SV, CV) forecasting final project costs.

Unit-4 
Project organization, culture and leadership: projects within functional organization; dedicated project/ task-force teams; staff, matrix and network organization; choosing appropriate project organization; Organization culture; ten characteristics; cultural dimensions supportive to projects; social network and management by wandering around (MBWA); different traits of a manager and leader; managing project teams; five stage team development model; shared vision; conflicts; rewards; rejuvenating project teams; project stakeholders; concept of project partnering.

Unit-5 
Strategic planning and project appraisal: Capital allocation key criteria; Porters competitive strategy model; BCG matrix; Strategic Position Action Evaluation (SPACE); time value of money; cash flows; payback period; IRR; cost of capital; NPV; social cost benefit analysis; UNIDO approach; project risks and financing.



                 ME-702 Elective –II (ME-702 (C) – Total Quality Management and SQC              


Unit 1 
Evolution of total quality management, historical perspective, teamwork, TQM and ISO 9000; information technology and Business Process Re-engineering (BPR); TPM and quality awards; aids and barriers to quality mgt, creating vision and initiating transformation, establishing programs for education and self coordination, policy setting and review, flowchart of policy mgt and relation with daily mgt. improvements, measurement of key indicators; quality mgt leader; cross functional teams and  

Unit 2 
Process- definition, variation and feedback, funnel-marble experiment- rules of adjustment and its effects, quality- definition, goalpost and kaizen view, quality of design, conformance and performance; Taguchi loss function, cost of quality, chain action of improving quality to productivity to motivation and low cost; Deming’s theory of mgt, fourteen points and variance reduction; attributes enumerative and variables analytic studies.

Unit 3
SQC-Control charts: basic discrete and continuous distributions, measures of central tendency, variability and shapes, sampling, size and central value theorem, control chart structure, process plotting and stability, study of out-of-control evidences, defect detection and prevention, use of control charts in evaluating past, present and future trends; attribute control charts, count and classification charts, construction and interpretation of p , np , c and u charts, PDSA cycle(plan, do, study, act), and R charts, and s charts, individual and moving range chart, trial control limits and out of control points.

Unit 4 
Process diagnostics: Between and Within Group variations, periodic and persistent disturbances, control chart patterns-natural, level-shift, cycle, wild, multi-universe, relationship and other out of control patterns; diagnosing a process, brainstorming; cause-effect, Ishikava, interrelationship, systematic and matrix diagrams; change concepts and waste elimination

Unit 5 
Process improvement: Performance and technical specifications, attribute-process and variable-process capability studies; unstable and stable process capability studies and examples; attribute and variable improvement studies; Inspection: acceptance sampling(AS)- lot formation, single, double and multiple/sequential sampling plans, operating characteristic (OC) curve, producer and consumer risk, theoretical invalidation of AS, kp rule for stable and chaotic processes.




                            ME-702 Elective –II (ME-702 (D) – MIS ERP and e Business       



UNIT 1 
Management Information System (MIS) definition, Objectives and benefits, MIS as strategic tool, obstacles and challenges for MIS, functional and cross functional systems, hierarchical view of CBIS, structured and unstructured decision, Operation and mgt support, Decision process and MIS, info system components and activities, Value chain and MIS support.

UNIT 2 
System concepts: types, definition, characteristics, feedback (Pull) and feed-forward (Push) control, system stress and entropy, computer as closed system, law of requisite variety, open and flexible (Adaptive) systems, work system model and comparison with input-process- output model, five views of work system: structure, performance, infrastructure, context and risk and their effect on product performance.

UNIT 3 
Info concepts: define data, info, knowledge, intelligence and wisdom, Information characteristics and attributes, info measurement and probability, characteristics of human as info processor.

UNIT 4 
Planning and control Concepts: terminologies, difficulties in planning, system analysis and development plan-purpose and participants, info planning, (SDLC) system development life cycle for inhouse and licensed sw, system investigation, analysis of needs, design and implementation phases, training of Operational personnel, evaluation, Control and Maintenance of Information Systems.

UNIT 5 
E-business components and interrelationship, Evolution of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) from MRP, Supply chain management (SCM) and Customer relationship management (CRM), Integrated data model, strategic and operational issues in ERP, Business Process Re-Engineering (BPR), significance and functions, information technology and computer NW support to MIS.



                             ME-703- Mechanical Vibration and Noise Engineering  



Unit 1: 
Fundamental Aspects of Vibrations: Vibration, main causes, advantages and disadvantages; engineering applications of vibration and noise; vector method of representing harmonic motion; characteristics of vibration, harmonic analysis and beats phenomenon, work done by harmonic forces on harmonic motion; periodic, non-harmonic functions- Fourier series analysis; evaluation of coefficients of Fourier series; elements of vibratory system; lumped and distributed parameter systems. Undamped Free Vibrations: Derivation of differential equation of motion: the energy method, the method based on Newtons second law of motion, and Rayleighs method. Solution of differential equation of motion: Natural frequency of vibration. Systems involving angular oscillations: the compound pendulum.

Unit 2:
Damped Free Vibrations: Viscous damping: coefficient of damping; damping ratio; under damped, over damped and critically damped systems; logarithmic decrement; frequency of damped free vibration; Coulomb or dry friction damping; frequency, decay rate and comparison of viscous and Coulomb damping; solid and structural damping; slip or interfacial damping.

Unit 3: 
Harmonically excited Vibration: One degree of freedom- forced harmonic vibration; vector representation of forces; excitation due to rotating and reciprocating unbalance; vibration Isolation, force and motion transmissibility; absolute and relative motion of mass (Seismic Instruments ). Whirling Motion and Critical Speed : Whirling motion and Critical speed : Definitions and significance .Critical -speed of a vertical , light flexible shaft with single rotor : with and without damping .Critical speed of a shaft carrying multiple discs (without damping ), Secondary critical speed.

Unit 4: 
Systems With Two Degrees of Freedom : Un-damped free vibration of 2 d.o.f and Principal modes of vibration; torsion vibrations; Forced, Un-damped vibrations with harmonic excitation ; Coordinate coupling; Dynamic vibration absorber; torsion Vibration Absorber; Pendulum type of dynamic vibration.

Unit 5: 
Noise Engineering -Subjective response of sound: Frequency and sound dependent human response; the decibel scale; relationship between, sound pressure level (SPL), sound power level and sound intensity scale; relationship between addition, subtraction and averaging, sound spectra and Octave band analysis; loudness; weighting networks; equivalent sound level, auditory effects of noise; hazardous noise, exposure due to machines and equipments; hearing conservation and damage risk criteria, daily noise doze. Noise: Sources, Isolation and Control: Major sources of noise on road and in industries, noise due to construction equipments and domestic appliances, industrial noise control, strategies- noise control at source (with or without sound enclosures), noise control along the path (with or without partitions and acoustic barriers ); noise control at the receiver, ear defenders, earplugs, semi-insert protectors.

List of experiments (please expand it);
Mechanical Vibration and Noise Engineering-AU/ ME 703
1- To find out effect of load on natural frequency of vibrations of a lever pin supported at one     end carrying adjustable load on a vertical screwed bar and spring supported at some     intermediate point (i) When the dead weight of rods is neglected and (ii) when their dead     weight is taken into account . 2- To find out frequency of damped free vibration and rate of decay of vibration-amplitude in      the system.
3- To find out natural frequency and damped free frequency of a torsion pendulum and , hence     to find out coefficient of damping of the oil ;
4- To observe the phenomenon of whirl in a horizontal light shaft and to determine the critical     speed of the shaft.
5- To observe the mode shapes of a spring-connected, double pendulum and hence to     demonstrate the phenomenon of beats.
6- To demonstrate the principle of tuned Undamped Dynamic Vibration Absorber and to    determine the effect of mass-ratio (of main and auxiliary mass) on the spread of the resulting    natural frequencies ;
7- To take measurements of sound Pressure Level (SPL) and to carry out octave band    analysis of a machine using Noise Level Meter.                          



                                           ME-704- Automobile Engineering     



Unit-I: 
Chassis & Body Engg: Types, Technical details of commercial vehicles, types of chassis, lay out, types of frames, testing of frames for bending & torsion on unutilized body frame, vehicle body and their construction, drivers visibility and methods for improvement, safety aspects of vehicles, vehicle aerodynamics, optimization of body shape, drivers cab design, body materials, location of engine, front wheel and rear wheel drive, four wheel drive.

Unit-II:
Steering System: front axle beam, stub axle, front wheel assembly, principles of types of wheel alignment, front wheel geometry viz. camber, Kingpin inclination, castor, toe-in and toe- out, condition for true rolling motion, centre point steering, directional stability of vehicles, steering gear, power steering, slip angle, cornering power, over steer & under steer, gyroscopic effect on steering gears.  

Unit-III: 
Transmission System: Function and types of clutches, single plate, multi-plate clutch, roller & spring clutch, clutch lining and bonding, double declutching, types of gear Boxes, synchroniser, gear materials, determination of gear ratio for vehicles, gear box performance at different vehicle speed, automatic transmission, torque converters, fluid coupling, principle of hydrostatic drive, propeller shaft, constant velocity universal joints, differential gear box, rear axle construction.

Unit-IV: 
Suspension system : Basic suspension movements, Independent front & rear suspension, shock absorber, type of springs: leaf spring, coil spring, air spring, torsion bar, location of shackles, power calculations, resistance to vehicle motion during acceleration and breaking, power & torque curve, torque & mechanical efficiency at different vehicle speeds, weight transfer, braking systems, disc theory, mechanical, hydraulic & pneumatic power brake systems, performance, self-energisation, airbleeding of hydraulic brakes, types of wheels and tyres, tyre specifications, construction and material properties of tyres & tubes.

Unit-V: 
Electrical and Control Systems: storage battery, construction and operation of lead acid battery, testing of battery, principle of operation of starting mechanism, different drive systems, starter relay switch, regulator electric fuel gauge, fuel pump, horn, wiper, Lighting system, head light dazzling, signaling devices, battery operated vehicles, choppers. importance of maintenance, scheduled and unscheduled maintenance, wheel alignment, trouble Shooting probable causes & remedies of various systems, microprocessor based control system for automobile, intelligent automobile control systems.  

Unit-VI: 
Emission standards and pollution control: Indian standards for automotive vehicles- Bharat I and II, Euro-I and Euro-II norms, fuel quality standards, environmental management systems for automotive vehicles, catalytic converters, fuel additives, and modern trends in automotive engine efficiency and emission control.

List of experiments (please expand it): Study of chassis, suspension, steering mechanisms, transmission, gear-box, differential systems, and electrical systems of various light and heavy automotive vehicles;                                              



                               ME-705- Operations Research and Supply Chain    


Unit 1 
Linear system and distribution models: Mathematical formulation of linear systems by LP, solution of LP for two variables only, special cases of transportation and assignment and its solution, Vogels forward looking penalty method, cell evaluation degeneracy, use of SW Lindo, Tora, Excell.

Unit 2 
Supply chain (SCM): Definition, importance, expenditure and opportunities in SCM; integration of inbound, outbound logistics and manufacturing to SCM, flow of material money and information, difficulties in SCM due to local v/s system wide (global) optimization and uncertainties in demand and transportation; Bull-whip effect; customer value; IT, info-sharing and strategic partnerships; plant and warehouse-network configuration; supply contracts and revenue sharing; outsourcing; transportation, cross docking and distribution, forecasting models in SCM; coordination and leadership issues; change of purchasing role and vendor rating, variability from multiple suppliers.

Unit 3 
Inventory models: Necessity of inventory in process and safety stock, problem of excess inventory and cycle time (=WIP/ Throughput), JIT/ lean mfg; basic EOQ/ EPQ models for constant review Q-system(S,s); periodic review, base stock P-system; service level, lead time variance and safety stock;; ABC, VED and other analysis based on shelf life, movement, size, MRP technique and calculations, lot sizing in MRP, linking MRP with JIT; evolution of MRP to ERP to SCM and e-business.

Unit 4
(a) Waiting Line Models Introduction, Input process, service mechanism, Queue discipline, single server (M/M/1) average length and times by Littles formula, optimum service rate; basic multiple server models (M/M/s) (b) Competitive strategy: concept and terminology, assumptions, pure and mixed strategies, zero sum games, saddle point, dominance, graphical, algebraic and LP methods for solving game theory problems.

Unit 5:
(a) Decision analysis: decision under certainty, risk probability and uncertainty; Hurwicz criteria; AHP- assigning weight and consistency test of AHP (b) Meta-heuristics Definition of heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms; introduction to Tabu search, Simulated Annealing and Genetic algorithms and solution of traveling salesman and non linear optimization problems



                                ME-706- Minor Project       


Provision of Minor project is made as preparation phase-I for major project or to take it as an independent small project. For details of project see ME-805- Major project                                              



                                     ME-707- Industrial Training    
Objective of Industrial Training The objective of undertaking industrial training is to provide work experience so that student’s engineering knowledge is enhanced and employment prospects are improved. The student should take this course as a window to the real World and should try to learn as much as possible from real life experiences by involving and interacting with industry staff. Industrial training also provides an opportunity to students to select an engineering problem and possibly an industry guide for their Major Project in final semester.

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RGPV B.E Electronics & Communication 3rd Sem (Grading System) Syllabus

                           B.E. 301 - ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS II   


Unit I 
 Fourier Series: Introduction of Fourier series , Fourier series for Discontinuous functions, Fourier series for even and odd function, Half range series   Fourier Transform: Definition and properties of Fourier transform, Sine and Cosine transform.

Unit II 
Laplace Transform: Introduction of Laplace Transform, Laplace Transform of elementary functions, properties of Laplace Transform, Change of scale property, second shifting property, Laplace transform of the derivative, Inverse Laplace transform & its properties, Convolution theorem, Applications of L.T. to solve the ordinary differential equations  

Unit III 
Second Order linear differential equation with variable coefficients : Methods one integral is known, removal of first derivative, changing of independent variable and variation of parameter, Solution by Series Method

Unit IV 
Linear  and Non Linear partial differential equation of first order: Formulation of  partial differential equations, solution of equation by direct integration, Lagrange’s Linear equation,  charpit’s method. Linear partial differential equation of second and higher order: Linear homogeneous and Non homogeneous partial diff. equation of nth order with constant coefficients. Separation of variable method for the solution of wave and heat equations

Unit V 
Vector Calculus: Differentiation of vectors, scalar and vector point function, geometrical meaning of Gradient, unit normal vector and directional derivative, physical interpretation of divergence and Curl. Line integral, surface integral and volume integral, Green’s, Stoke’s and Gauss divergence theorem

     


                                    EC- 302 Computer System Organization 


Unit-I  
Computer Basics and CPU: Von Newman model, various subsystems, CPU, Memory, I/O, System Bus, CPU and Memory registers, Program Counter, Accumulator, Instruction register, Micro operations, Register Transfer Language, Instruction Fetch, decode and execution, data movement and manipulation, Instruction formats and addressing modes of basic computer.

Unit-II  
Control Unit Organization: Hardwired control unit, Micro and nano programmed control unit, Control Memory, Address Sequencing, Micro Instruction formats, Micro program sequencer, Microprogramming, Arithmetic and Logic Unit: Arithmetic Processor, Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, Floating point and decimal arithmetic and arithmetic units, design of arithmetic unit.

Unit-III 
Input Output Organization: Modes of data transfer – program controlled, interrupt driven and direct memory access, Interrupt structures, I/O Interface, Asynchronous data transfer, I/O processor. Data transfer – Serial / parallel, synchronous/asynchronous, simplex/half duplex and full duplex.

Unit-IV
Memory organization: Memory Maps, Memory Hierarchy, Cache Memory -Organization and mappings. Associative memory. Virtual memory, Memory Management Hardware.

Unit-V  
Multiprocessors: Pipeline and Vector processing, Instruction and arithmetic pipelines, Vector and array processors, Interconnection structure and inter-processor communication.
             



                                     EC - 303 Electronic Instrumentation    


Unit-I  
Measurement and Error: Accuracy and Precision, Sensitivity, Linearity, Resolution, Hysterisis, Loading Effect. Measurements of Current, Voltage, Power and Impedance: DC and AC Ammeter, DC Voltmeter- Chopper type and solid-state, AC voltmeter using Rectifier, Average, RMS, Peak Responding voltmeters, Multi-meter, Power meter, Bolometer and Calorimeter.

Unit-II 
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO): Different parts of CRO, Block diagram, Electrostatic focusing, Electrostatic deflection, Post deflection acceleration, Screen for CRTs, Graticules, Vertical and Horizontal deflection system, Time base circuit, Oscilloscope Probes, Applications of CRO, Special purpose CROs- Multi input, Dual trace, Dual beam, Sampling, Storage (Analog and Digital), Oscilloscope.

Unit-III  
AC Bridges: Maxwell’s bridge (Inductance and Inductance-Capacitance), Hay’s bridge, Schering bridge (High voltage and Relative permittivity), Wein bridge, Wagner earth detector, Impedance measurement by Q-meter. Non-Electrical Quantities (Transducer): Classification of Transducers, Strain gauge, Displacement Transducer- Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) and Rotary Variable Differential Transformer (RVDT), Temperature Transducer- Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD), Thermistor, Thermocouple, Piezo-electric transducer, Optical Transducer- Photo emissive, Photo conductive, Photo voltaic, Photo-diode, Photo Transistor, Nuclear Radiation Detector.

Unit-IV  
Signal generator & Display: Signal and Function Generators, Sweep Frequency Generator, Pulse and Square Wave Generator, Beat Frequency Oscillator, Digital display system and indicators, Classification of Displays, Display devices, Light Emitting diodes(LED), Liquid Crystal Display(LCD).

Unit-V 
Digital Measurement and Instruments:  Advantages of Digital Instrument over Analog Instrument, Digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) - Variable resistive type, R-2R ladder Type, Binary ladder, Weighted converter using Op-amp and transistor, Practical DAC. Analog-to-digital Conversion (ADC) -Ramp Technique, Dual Slope Integrating Type, Integrating Type (voltage to frequency), Successive Approximations, digital voltmeters and multi-meters, Resolution and sensitivity of digital meter, PLC structure, principle of operation, response time and application.


List of Experiments: 
All experiments (wherever applicable) should be performed through the following steps.
Step 1: Circuit should be designed/drafted on paper.
Step 2: The designed/drafted circuit should be simulated using Simulation Software
Step 3: The designed/drafted circuit should be tested on the bread board and compare the results with the simulated results.
Step 4: The bread board circuit should be fabricated on PCB by one batch using PCB machine.
1. Study of CRO and Function Generator.
2. Displacement measurement by LVDT.
3. Force measurement by strain gauge.
4. Measurement of Capacitor, Self-induction using Q-meter.
5. Temperature measurement by thermistor, RTD and thermocouple.
6. Optical Transducer- Photo conductive, Photo voltaic, Photo-diode, Photo-Transistor
7. Design of digital to analog converter.
8. PLC operation and applications (for example: relay, timer, level, traffic light etc.)                                
 



                                 EC - 304 Electronic Devices     



Unit-I
Semiconductor intrinsic and extrinsic, p-type and n-type, energy band diagrams, majority and minority carrier, charge density in semiconductor, generation and recombination of charges, process of diffusion, diffusion and drift currents, Hall effects and its applications. p-n junction, depletion layer, potential barrier, electric field, forward and reverse biased junction, current components in p-n diode, current equation, V-I characteristics, cut in voltages of Si and Ge diode, transition and diffusion capacitance, power dissipation,.

Unit-II  
Diode Applications: p-n junction diode as rectifier, clipper and clamper, The diode as a circuit element, The Load line concept, The Pieceswise linear diode modal, Clipping circuits, Clipping at two independent levels, Comparators, Sampling Gate, Rectifiers, Other full wave circuits, Capacitor filter additional diodes circuits.

Unit-III  
Diodes Family:  Characteristics and application of Zener diode, avalanche diode, Varactor diode, Schottky diode, Tunnel Diode, PIN diode, LED,  photodiodes,  phototransistors,

Unit-IV
Bipolar junction transistor - Construction, basic operation, current components and equations,. CB, CE and CC-configuration, input and output characteristics, Early effect, region of operation, active, cutoff and saturation region Ebers-Moll model, , power dissipation in transistor (Pdmax rating), Photo transistor,  Uni-junction Transistor (UJT) : Principle of operation, characteristics.

Unit-V  
FET construction- Construction, n channel and p channel, characteristics, parameters, Equivalent model and voltage gain, Enhancement and depletion MOSFET and its Characteristics, analysis of FET in various configuration.

List of Experiments (Expandable): 
All experiments (wherever applicable) should be performed through the following steps.
Step 1: Circuit should be designed/drafted on paper.
Step 2: The designed/drafted circuit should be simulated using Simulation Software
Step 3: The designed/drafted circuit should be tested on the bread board and compare the results with the simulated results.
Step 4: The bread board circuit should be fabricated on PCB by one batch using PCB machine.
1. V-I characteristics of various Diodes (p-n, Zener, Varactor, Schottky, Tunnel, Photodiode etc)
2. Characteristics of Transistors (BJT and FET)
3. Study of Power electronic devices (Diac, Triac, SCR, Power MOSFET, IGBT etc).
                                     
 


                                              EC - 305 Network Analysis  



Unit-I 
Introduction to circuit elements R, L, C and their characteristics in terms of linearity and time dependence, KCL and KVL analysis, dual networks, analysis of magnetically coupled circuits, Dot convention, coupling co-efficient, Tuned circuits, Series and parallel resonance, voltage and current sources, controlled sources.

Unit-II  
Network topology, Concept of Network graph, Tree, tree branches and links, cut set and tie set schedules. Network Theorems – Thevenin, Norton, Superposition, Reciprocity, Compensation, Maximum power transfer and Millmans theorems, problems with controlled sources.

Unit-III  
Transient analysis: Transients in RL, RC and RLC circuits, initial conditions, time constants, networks driven by constant driving sources and their solutions.
Steady state analysis: - Concepts of phasors and vectors, impedance and admittance. Node and mesh analysis of RL, RC and RLC networks with sinusoidal and other driving sources. Resonance Circuits.

Unit-IV 
Frequency domain analysis – Laplace transform solution of Integral-differential equations. Transform of waveform – step, ramp, Gate and sinusoidal functions. Initial and final value theorem. Network Theorems in frequency domain. Fourier Series, Trigonometric & exponential form of fourier series, Fourier series of basic functions.

Unit-V  
Network function & Two port networks concept of complex frequency.Network functions of one and two ports, poles and zeros network of different kinds. Necessary conditions for driving point & transfer function.
Two port parameters– Z, Y, ABCD, hybrid parameters, their inverse and image  parameters, relationship between parameters. Interconnection of two port networks, Terminated two port networks.

List of experiments (Expandable) 
All experiments (wherever applicable) should be performed through the following steps.
Step 1: Circuit should be designed/drafted on paper.
Step 2: The designed/drafted circuit should be simulated using Simulation Software.
Step 3: The designed/drafted circuit should be tested on the bread board and compare the results with the simulated results.
Step 4: The bread board circuit should be fabricated on PCB by one batch using PCB machine.
1. To Verify Thevenin Theorem.
2. To Verify Superposition Theorem.
3. To Verify Reciprocity Theorem.
4. To Verify Maximum Power Transfer Theorem.
5. To Verify Millman’s Theorem.
6. To Perform Open Circuit Test on Two Port Network.
7. To Perform Short Circuit Test on Two Port Network.
8. To Find Frequency Response of LRC Series Circuit.
9. To Find Frequency Response of LRC parallel Circuit

 

                                        EC - 306 Software Lab- I  


CIRCUIT SIMULATION/ PCB DESIGNING SOFTWARE
Study of circuit simulation software (any one- TINA-PRO/ PSPICE/ CIRCUIT MAKER/ GPSIM/ SAPWIN etc).  Overview and Study of the key features and applications of the software.  Application of the software in the field of Electronic Devices, Electronic Instrumentation and Network Analysis. Design, Optimization and simulation of  1. Basic Electronic circuits (examples rectifiers, clippers, clampers, diode, transistor characteristics etc). 2. Transient and steady state analysis of RL/ RC/ RLC circuits, realization of network theorems. 3. Use of virtual instruments built in the software.
Study of PCB layout software  Overview and use of the software in optimization, designing and fabrication of PCB pertaining to above circuits simulated using above simulation software or other available. Students should simulate and design the PCB for atleast two circuits they are learning in the current semester.                                  
 
 

                                 EC -307 Self Study (Internal Assessment)  
Objective of Self Study: is to induce the student to explore and read technical aspects of his area of interest / hobby or new topics suggested by faculty.
Evaluation will be done by assigned faculty based on report/seminar presentation and viva.                                        
  EC -308 Seminar / Group Discussion(Internal Assessment)
Objective of GD and seminar is to improve the MASS COMMUNICATION and CONVINCING/ understanding skills of students and it is to give student an opportunity to exercise their rights to express themselves.
Evaluation will be done by assigned faculty based on group discussion and power point presentation.   

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