RGPV B.E Electrical Engineering 7th Sem (Grading System) Syllabus

                                 EE-701 – Power System Analysis & Control     


Unit-I
General - Problems associated with modern interconnected power Systems, deregulation, power systems restructuring, distributed generation, congestion, available transfer capacities, pricing of energy and transmission services.

Unit-II 
Power flow studies - Formulation of static power flow equations and solutions using Gauss- Seidel, Newton Raphson and FDLF methods, comparison of these methods, Economic operation of power system - Economic dispatch, Emission dispatch, line loss, ITL, economic dispatch using lagrangian multiplier method.

Unit-III 
MW Frequency control- Coherency, control area, modeling of speed control mechanism, load damping, block diagrammatic representation of single and two area interconnected system, static and dynamic response, .optimum parameter adjustment.

Unit-IV 
MVAR Voltage control Problem- Difference in control strategy over MW – f control, characteristics of an excitation system, DC AC and static excitation system, General block diagram representation of voltage regulators.

Unit-V 
Power System Stability - Steady state, dynamic and transients stability, Swing equation , equal area criterion, solution of swing equation using step by step method modified Eulers method and Rnge-Kutta method, methods of improving transient stability.

List Of Experiments:  
1. To develop a program in Matlab for information of Y-bus matrix for N bus system.
2. Load flow solution for 3-bus system using Gauss- Seidel, Newton Raphson and FDLF        methods up to 3 iteration.
3. Load flow solution for IEEE 6-bus and 30-bus system in Matlab using Newton       Raphson method.
4. Assessment of transient stability of a single machine system.
5. Effect of compensation on voltage profile of IEEE 6-bus system.
6. Study of any software tools (PSCAD, EDSA, Mi POWER, ETAP etc).                                        




                                            EE-702 – Utilization of Electrical Energy  


UNIT I 
ILLUMINATION ENGINEERING
Nature of light, units, sensitivity of the eye, luminous efficiency, glare. Production of Light; Incandescent lamps, arc lamps gas discharge lamps- fluorescent lamps-polar curves, effect of voltage variation on efficiency and life of lamps, Distribution and control of light, lighting calculations, solid angle, inverse square and cosine laws, methods of calculations, factory lighting, flood lighting and street lighting, Direct diffused and mixed reflection & transmission factor, refractors, light fittings.

UNIT II
HEATING, WELDING AND ELECTROLYSIS
Electrical heating-advantages, methods and applications, resistance heating, design of heating elements, efficiency and losses control. Induction heating: core type furnaces, core less furnaces and high frequency eddy current heating, dielectric heating: principle and special applications, arc furnaces: direct arc furnaces, Indirect arc furnaces, electrodes, design of heating elements, power supply and control.  Different methods of electrical welding, resistance welding, arc welding, energy storage welding, laser welding, electrobeam welding, and electrical equipment for them.  Arc furnaces transformer and welding transformers.  Review of electrolytic principles., laws of electrolysis, electroplating, anodisisng- electro- cleaning, extraction of refinery metals, power supply for electrolytic process, current and energy efficiency.

UNIT III 
TRACTION
Special features of Traction motors, Different system of electric traction and their Advantages and disadvantages, diesel electric locomotives. Mechanics of train movement: simplified speed time curves for different services, average and schedule speed, tractive effort, specific energy consumption, factors affecting specific energy consumption, acceleration and braking retardation, adhesive weight and coefficient of adhesion.

UNIT IV 
TRACTION MOTORS DC motors, single phases and three phases motors, starting and control of traction motors, braking of traction motors: plugging, rheostatic and regenerative braking, Modern 25 KV a.c. single phase traction systems: advantages, equipment and layout of 25 KV, line and current selection, single phase power frequency A.C. traction.  
  Grading System w.e.f. 2013-14

UNIT V  
ELECTRIC DRIVES Individual and collective drives- electrical braking, plugging, rheostatic and regenerative braking load equalization use of fly wheel criteria for selection of motors for various industrial drives, calculation of electrical loads for refrigeration and air-conditioning, intermittent loading and temperature rise curve.




                                             EE-703 – Electrical Drives  


Unit I 
Basic Concepts of Electric Drives Elements of drive systems, Requirement of electric drives, Rating & Selection of drives, groups and individual drives, Constant power and Constant torque drives. Motor Mechanism dynamics Review of Characteristics of AC & DC motors, load characteristic, load-drive speed torque characteristics, quadrant speed torque characteristics. Mechanical Systems Stability of Electric drives, referred moment of inertia and torque of motor load combination, load equalization.

Unit II
DC Drives Starting & Braking of conventional, Phase controlled and chopper controlled drives, Transient & Steady state analysis, Energy recovery systems.

Unit III 
Induction Motor Drives Conventional method of Starting braking and speed control, PWM, (VSI) Voltage source Inverter and Current Sources ( CSI) fed IM drives, cyclo converter fed drive, Vector control drives. Slip Controlled IM Drives Review of Conventional methods & converter controlled-Crammers & Scherbius drives; rotor impedance control.

Unit IV 
Synchronous Motors Drives VSI and CSI fed; self-controlled-Brush less &. commutatorless dc & ac motor drives.

Unit V 
Special Drives :Fundamentals of Switched reluctance motors, Stepper Motors, Permanent Magnet Motor Introduction to vector control; Digital control of drives. Case Studies Electric traction, steel & cements plants, textile & paper mills, machine tool drive and CNC, electric cars.


List of Experiments:   
1. Study the starting and running characteristics of converter fed DC traction motor.
2. To study the energy recovery systems and braking of a DC drive.
3. To study the braking Methods of a three-phase induction motor.
4. To study the performance of VSI fed three-phase induction motor using PWM      technique.
5. To control the speed of a three phase slip ring Induction motor using rotor      impedance control.  6. To study the performance of Vector Controlled three phase Induction  motor drive.
7. To Study frequency Controlled Synchronous motor  drive.
8. To study the control & performance Characteristics of switched Reluctance       motor.
9.  To study the performance & control of a Stepper  motor.    
10. To Study the Performance of a permanent magnet Brushless dc motor      drive.  




                 Elective-I (EE-7101 – Computer Aided Design of Electrical Machines)   


Unit-I 
Design of Synchronous Machine Features of construction of low speed and medium speed Machine, design consideration of turbo and water wheel alternators, output coefficient and choice of main dimensions, design of stator winding, design of field systems, regulation, losses and efficiency, cooling systems.

Unit-II 
Design of 3 Phase Induction Motor Design consideration of ac motors, calculation of main dimensions, design of stator winding, effect of air gap on performance. Rotor Design: Design of slip ring and squirrel cage rotor, components of leakage reactance, calculation of leakage reactance and its effect on the performance.

Unit-III 
Design of single phase Induction motor Calculation of main dimensions of stator, complete design of stator with its punching details, design of main and auxiliary winding, design of rotor, performance calculation of designed rotor and performance by equivalent circuit approach.

Unit-IV 
Design of Electrical Equipments Design of choke, DC motor starter, Lifting magnets and other electro magnetic devices.

Unit-V
Computer Aided Design Philosophy and economics of computer aided design, advantages limitations, analysis and synthesis methods, and selection of input data and design variables, flow charts for design of induction motor and synchronous machine. Optimization of design constrained and unconstrained optimization problem



                     Elective-I (EE-7102 – Soft Computing Techniques & Application)  


UNIT-1 
Review of probability theory: Random variable, distribution functions , function of random variable. generation of random digit, and random variants from various distribution function, Monte Carlo simulation, sampling distributions station evolution using MCS, confidence interval, coefficient of variation.

UNIT-2 
Evolution of ANN, Artificial neurons activation functions general network structure g - rule, and back  propagation rule of training, RBF and FLN network.

UNIT-3 
Draw back of classical optimization techniques, genetic algorithm; binary and real parameter GA, constraints handling in GA.

UNIT-4 
Evolution strategies(ES), two members non-recombinative ES, multi member ES, recombinative ES. Optimization based on swarm intelligence particle, swarm optimization and its variants .

UNIT-5 
Application of soft computing techniques to problem of electrical engg. e.g. economic dispatch, reliable optimization, ANN training using evolutionary algorithms.




                             Elective-I (EE-7103 – SCADA Systems and Applications)    


Unit I
Introduction to SCADA and PLC:SCADA: Data acquisition system, evaluation of SCADA, communication technologies, monitoring and supervisory functions. PLC: Block diagram, programming languages, Ladder diagram, Functional Block diagram, Applications, Interfacing of PLC with SCADA.

Unit II
SCADA system components: Schemes, Remote Terminal Unit, Intelligent Electronic Devices, Communication Network, SCADA server.

Unit III
SCADA Architecture-Various SCADA Architectures, advantages and disadvantages of each system, single unified standard architecture IEC 61850 SCADA / HMI Systems.

Unit IV 
SCADA Communication-Various industrial communication technologies- wired and wireless methods and fiber optics, open standard communication protocols.

Unit V 
Operation and control of interconnected power system-Automatic substation control, SCADA configuration, Energy management system, system operating states, system security, state estimation, SCADA applications Utility applications, transmission and distribution sector operation, monitoring analysis and improvement. Industries oil gas and water. Case studies, implementation, simulation exercises.



                                  Elective-II (EE-7201 – High Voltage Engg.)      


Unit - I 
Breakdown in gases Mechanisms of breakdown in gases, various related ionization processes. Townsends and streamer theories. Paschen’s law, Breakdown in Non-uniform fields. Effect of wave shape of impressed voltage on the breakdown strength. Breakdown of sphere gap arid rod gap.

Unit - II
Breakdown in liquid and solids Mechanisms of breakdown in liquids, suspended particle, suspended water, cavitation and tubble and electronic breakdown theories. Mechanisms of breakdown in solids; intrinsic electro-mechanical, erosion, surface, thermal and streamer, Relation between electric strength of solids and time, intrinsic breakdown strength.

Unit - III 
Impulse Generator Specifications of an impulse voltage Wave, standard impulse, reasons for adopting the particular shape, Analysis and control of simple circuit of impulse generator. Multistage impulse generator (Marks circuit) circuit working, earthing arid tripping. Techniques to observe wave front on C.R.O. Generation of High Voltage Methods of generation of power frequency high voltage cascade transformers and resonance methods, Generation of high voltage d.c., voltage stabilization. Tesla coil.

Unit - IV 
Measurement of High Voltage Potential dividers-resistive, capacitive and mixed dividers for high voltage. Sphere gap; construction, mounting, effect of nearby earthed objects, humidity and atmospheric conditions, effect of irradiation and polarity, Electrostatic voltmeter; principle and classification, constructional details of an absolute electrostatic voltmeter. Oscilloscopes and their applications in high voltage measurement.

Unit - V
High Voltage Testing Measurement of insulation resistance of cables. Wet and dry flashover test of insulators. Testing of insulators in simulated polluted conditions. Testing off transformers and rotating machines. Measurement of breakdown strength of oil. Basic techniques of non-destructive testing of insulators; measurement of loss angle, High Voltage Schering bridge, and partial discharge measurement techniques.
Over Voltage and Insulation Coordination Lighting, Switching and temporary over voltages, BIL, SIL, methods of insulation coordination.  



                Elective-II (EE-7202 – Calibration and Testing of Electrical Equipments)  


Unit - I 
Electricity Rules: Indian Electricity Rules, Indian Electricity Act, Electricity Supply Act.

Unit - II 
Standards: Study of Various Indian Standards codes for various important electrical equipments.

Unit - III 
Installation & Commissioning : Installation & Commissioning of out door Indoor electrical equipments like transformer, Motors, Switchgears, Panels, Relays, CT, PT, Earthing etc.

Unit - IV 
Testing: Testing of new & Old electrical installation as per IS of the following. Transformer, Cables, Insulating Oil, Protective relays, Circuit Breakers, CT, PT, Meters, Energy Meters, PVC insulated cables, High voltage Testing & Routing Test, Type test on above.

Unit - V
Calibration : Calibration of meters, Energy meters, Relays, Circuit breakers, & other equipments as per IS specification.




                    Elective-II (EE-7203 – Generalised Theory of Electrical Machines)  


Unit-I 
Review : Primitive machine, voltage and torque equation. Concept of transformation change of variables & m/c variables and transform variables. Application to D.C. machine for steady state and transient analysis, and equation of cross field commutator machine.

Unit-II 
Induction Machine : Voltage, torque equation for steady state operation, Equivalent circuit, Dynamic performance during sudden changes in load torque and three phase fault at the machine terminals. Voltage & torque equation for steady state operation of 1- ö induction motor & scharge motor.

Unit-III 
Synchronous Machine : Transformation equations for rotating three phase windings, Voltage and power equation for salient and non salient alternator, their phasor diagrams, Simplified equations of a synchronous machine with two damper coils.

Unit-IV 
Operational Impedances and Time Constants of Synchronous Machines: Park's equations in operational form, operational impedances and G(P) for a synchronous machine with four Rotor Windings, Standard synchronous machine Reactances, time constants, Derived synchronous machine time constants, parameters from short circuit characteristics.

Unit-V 
Approximate Methods for Generator & System Analysis : The problem of power system analysis, Equivalent circuit & vector diagrams for approximate calculations, Analysis of line to line short circuit, Application of approximate method to power system analysis.




                         EE-706 – Major Project –I(Planning & Literature Survey)    


The Major Project Work provides students an opportunity to do something on their own and under the supervision of a guide. Each student shall work on an approved project, which may involve fabrication, design or investigation of a technical problem that may take design, experimental or analytical character or combine element of these areas. The project work involves sufficient work so that students get acquainted with different aspects of manufacture, design or analysis. The students also have to keep in mind that in final semester they would be required to implement whatever has been planned in the Major Project in this semester. It is possible that a work, which involves greater efforts and time may be taken up at this stage and finally completed in final semester, but partial completion report should be submitted in this semester and also evaluated by an external examiner. At the end of semester, all students are required to submit a synopsis.                              
  

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RGPV B.E Electronics&Communication 7th Sem (Grading System) Syllabus

                          EC 701 Elective – I (EC – 7011 Wireless Communication) 


Unit-I 
Introduction Applications and requirements of wireless services: history, types of services, requirements for the services, economic and social aspects. Technical challenges in wireless communications: multipath propagation, spectrum limitations, limited energy, user mobility, noise and interference-limited systems. Propagation mechanism: free space loss, reflection and transmission, diffraction, scattering by rough surfaces, wave guiding.

Unit-II 
Wireless Propagation channels Statistical description of the wireless channel: time invariant and variant two path models, small-scale fading with and without a dominant component, Doppler spectra, temporal dependence of fading, large scale fading. Wideband and directional channel characteristics: causes of delay dispersion, system theoretic description of wireless channels, WSSUS model, condensed parameters, ultra wideband channels, directional description.

Unit-III
Channel models: Narrowband, wideband and directional models, deterministic channel-modeling methods. Channel sounding: Introduction, time domain measurements, frequency domain analysis, modified measurement methods, directionally resolved measurements. Antennas: Introduction, antennas for mobile stations, antennas for base stations.

Unit-IV 
Transceivers and signal processing: Structure of a wireless communication link: transceiver block structure, simplified models. Modulation formats, demodulator structure, error probability in AWGN channels, error probability in flat-fading channels, error probability in delay and frequency-dispersive fading channels.

Unit V 
Diversity: Introduction, microdiversity, macrodiversity and simulcast, combination of signals, error probability in fading channels with diversity reception, transmit diversity. Equalizers: Introduction, linear equalizers, decision feedback equalizers, maximum likelihood sequence estimation (Viterbi detector), comparison of equalizer structures, fractional spaced equalizers, blind equalizers.




                        EC 701 Elective – I (EC – 7012 Digital Image Processing)   



Unit-I 
Digital Image Processing (DIP) Introduction, examples of fields that use DIP, fundamental steps in DIP, components of an image processing system. Digital Image Fundamentals: elements of visual perception, image sensing and acquisition, image sampling and quantization, basic relationships between pixels.

Unit-II 
Image Transforms Two-dimensional (2D) impulse and its shifting properties, 2D continuous Fourier Transform pair, 2D sampling and sampling theorem, 2D Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), properties of 2D DFT. Other transforms and their properties: Cosine transform, Sine transform, Walsh transform, Hadamard transform, Haar transform, Slant transform, KL transform.

Unit-III 
Image Enhancement Spatial domain methods: basic intensity transformation functions, fundamentals of spatial filtering, smoothing spatial filters (linear and non-linear), sharpening spatial filters (unsharp masking and high boost filters), combined spatial enhancement method. Frequency domain methods: basics of filtering in frequency domain, image smoothing filters (Butterworth and Gaussian low pass filters), image sharpening filters (Butterworth and Gaussian high pass filters), selective filtering.

Unit-IV
Image Restoration Image degradation/restoration, noise models, restoration by spatial filtering, noise reduction by frequency domain filtering, linear position invariant degradations, estimation of degradation function, inverse filtering, Wiener filtering, image reconstruction from projection.

Unit-V 
Image Compression Fundamentals of data compression: basic compression methods: Huffman coding, Golomb coding, LZW coding, Run-Length coding, Symbol based coding. Digital image watermarking, representation and description- minimum perimeter polygons algorithm (MPP).




                             EC 701 Elective – I (EC – 7013 Neural Networks)  


Unit-I
Neural Network (NN) Introduction, benefits of neural network, models of a neuron, neural network as directed graph, network architectures, artificial intelligence and neural network. Learning processes: error correction learning, memory based learning, Hebbian learning, competitive learning, Boltzman learning, learning tasks, adaptation, statistical nature of learning process, statistical learning theory.

Unit-II 
Perceptrons Single layer perceptrons: adaptive filtering problem, unconstrained optimization technique, linear least squares filter, least mean square algorithm (LMS), perceptron convergence theorem Multi layer perceptron: architecture, back propagation algorithm, generalization, approximations of functions, network pruning techniques.

Unit-III 
Radial Basis Function (RBF) Networks Cover’s theorem on the separability of patterns, interpolation problem, supervised learning as an Ill-posed hyper surface reconstruction problem, regularization theory, regularization network, generalized radial basis function networks (RBF), estimation of the regularization parameter, approximation properties of RBF networks, comparison of RBF networks and multilayer perceptrons, Kernel regression and its relation to RBF networks, learning strategies.

Unit-IV 
Information- Theoretic Models Entropy, maximum entropy principle, mutual information, Kullback-Leibler divergence, mutual information as an objective function to be optimized, maximum mutual information principle, infomax and redundancy reduction, spatially coherent and incoherent features, independent components analysis, maximum likelihood estimation, maximum entropy method.

Unit V 
Dynamically Driven Recurrent Networks introduction, recurrent network architectures, state space model, non-linear autogressive with exogenous inputs model, computational power of recurrent networks, learning algorithms, back propagation through time, real time recurrent learning, Kalman filter, decoupled Kalman filter, vanishing gradients in recurrent networks, system identification, model reference adaptive control.




                                            EC-702 Satellite Communication    



Unit-I 
Overview of satellite systems: Introduction, Frequency allocations for satellite systems. Orbits and launching methods: Kepler’s three laws of planetary motion, terms used for earth orbiting satellites, orbital elements, apogee and perigee heights, orbit perturbations, inclined orbits, local mean solar point and sun-synchronous orbits, standard time.

Unit-II 
The Geostationary orbit: Introduction, antenna look angles, polar mount antenna, limits of visibility, near geostationary orbits, earth eclipse of satellite, sun transit outage, launching orbits. Polarization: antenna polarization, polarization of satellite signals, cross polarization discrimination. Depolarization: ionospheric, rain, ice.

Unit-III 
The Space segment: introduction, power supply, attitude control, station keeping, thermal control, TT&C subsystem, transponders, antenna subsystem, Morelos and Satmex 5, Anik-satellites, Advanced Tiros-N spacecraft. The Earth segment: introduction, receive-only home TV systems, master antenna TV system, Community antenna TV system, transmit-receive earth station.

Unit-IV
The space link: Introduction, Equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIPR), transmission losses, the link power budget equation, system noise, carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N), the uplink, the downlink, effects of rain, combined uplink and downlink C/N ratio, inter modulation noise, inter-satellite links. Interference between satellite circuits.

Unit-V 
Satellite services VSAT (very small aperture terminal) systems: overview, network architecture, access control protocols, basic techniques, VSAT earth station, calculation of link margins for a VSAT star network. Direct broadcast satellite (DBS) Television and radio: digital DBS TV, BDS TV system design and link budget, error control in digital DBS-TV, installation of DBS-TV antennas, satellite radio broadcasting.



                                              EC-703 Optical Communication     



Unit-I 
Overview of Optical Fiber Communications (OFC): Motivation, optical spectral bands, key elements of optical fiber systems. Optical fibers: basic optical laws and definitions, optical fiber modes and configurations, mode theory for circular waveguides, single mode fibers, graded-index fiber structure, fiber materials, photonic crystal fibers, fiber fabrication, fiber optic cables.

Unit-II 
Optical sources: Light emitting diodes (LED): structures, materials, quantum efficiency, LED power, modulation of an LED. Laser diodes: modes, threshold conditions, laser diode rate equations, external quantum efficiency, resonant frequencies, structure and radiation patterns, single mode lasers, modulation of laser diodes. Power launching and coupling: source to fiber power launching, fiber to fiber joints, LED coupling to single mode fibers, fiber splicing, optical fiber connectors.

Unit-III 
Photo detectors: pin photo detector, avalanche photodiodes, photo detector noise, detector response time, avalanche multiplication noise. Signal degradation in optical fibers: Attenuation: units, absorption, scattering losses, bending losses, core and cladding losses. Signal distortion in fibers: overview of distortion origins, modal delay, factors contributing to delay, group delay, material dispersion, waveguide dispersion, polarization-mode dispersion. Characteristics of single mode fibers: refractive index profiles, cutoff wavelength, dispersion calculations, mode field diameter, bending loss calculation. Specialty fibers.

Unit-IV 
Optical receivers: fundamental receiver operation, digital receiver performance, eye diagrams, coherent detection: homodyne and heterodyne, burst mode receiver, analog receivers. Digital links: point to point links, link power budget, rise time budget, power penalties. Analog links: overview of analog links, carrier to noise ratio, multi channel transmission techniques.

Unit-V 
Optical technologies Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) concepts: operational principles of WDM, passive optical star coupler, isolators, circulators, active optical components: MEMS technology, variable optical attenuators, tunable optical filters, dynamic gain equalizers, polarization controller, chromatic dispersion compensators. Optical amplifiers: basic applications and types of optical amplifiers, Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFA): amplification mechanism, architecture, power conversion efficiency and gain. Amplifier noise, optical SNR, system applications. Performance Measurement and monitoring: measurement standards, basic test equipment, optical power measurements, optical fiber characterization, eye diagram tests, optical time-domain reflectometer, optical performance monitoring.


List of Experiments:
1. Launching of light into the optical fiber and calculate the numerical aperture and V-number.
2. Observing Holograms and their study.
3. Measurement of attenuation loss in an optical fiber.
4. Diffraction using gratings.
5. Construction of Michelson interferometer.
6. Setting up a fiber optic analog link and study of PAM.
7. Setting up a fiber optic digital link and study of TDM and Manchester coding.
8. Measurement of various misalignment losses in an optical fiber.                                                  
 



                                            EC-704 Microwave Engineering     


Unit-I 
Microwave Transmission System General representation of EM field in terms of TEM, TE and TM components, Uniform guide structures, rectangular wave guides, Circular Wave guides, Solution in terms of various modes, Properties of propagating and evanescent modes, Dominant modes, Normalized model voltages and currents, Power flow and energy storage in modes frequency range of operation for single mode working, effect of higher order modes, Strip line and micro strip lines general properties, Comparison of coaxial, Micro strip and rectangular wave guides in terms of band width, power handling capacity, economical consideration etc.

Unit-II
Microwave Networks and Component Transmission line ports of microwave network, Scattering matrix, Properties of scattering matrix of reciprocal, Non reciprocal, loss less, Passive networks, Examples of two, three and four port networks, wave guide components like attenuator, Phase shifters and couplers, Flanges, Bends, Irises, Posts, Loads, Principle of operation and properties of E-plane, H-plane Tee junctions of wave guides, Hybrid T, Multi-hole directional coupler, Directional couplers, Microwave resonators- rectangular. Excitation of wave guide and resonators by couplers. Principles of operation of non reciprocal devices, properties of ferrites, Isolators and phase shifters.

Unit-III
Microwave Solid State Devices and Application PIN diodes, Properties and applications, Microwave detector diodes, detection characteristics, Varactor diodes, parametric amplifier fundamentals, Manley-Rowe power relation MASER, LASER , Amplifiers, Frequency converters and harmonic generators using varactor diodes, Transferred electron devices, Gunn effect, Various modes of operation of Gunn oscillator, IMPATT, TRAPATT and BARITT.

Unit-IV
Microwave Vacuum Tube Devices Interaction of electron beam with electromagnetic field, power transfer condition. Principles of working of two cavity and Reflex Klystrons, arrival time curve and oscillation conditions in reflex klystrons, mode- frequency characteristics. Effect of repeller voltage variation on power and frequency of output. Principle of working of magnetrons. Electron dynamics in planar and cylindrical magnetrons, Cutoff magnetic field, Resonant cavities in magnetron, Π-mode operation Mode separation techniques, Rising sun cavity and strapping. Principle of working of TWT amplifier. Slow wave structures, Approximate gain relationship in forward wave TWT.

Unit-V 
Microwave Measurements Square law detection, Broadband and tuned detectors. Wave-guide probes, Probe and detector mounts, Slotted line  arrangement and VSWR meter, Measurement of wave-guide impedance at load port by slotted line, Microwave bench components and source modulation. Measurement of scattering matrix parameters, High, Medium and low-level power measurement techniques, Characteristics of bolometers, bolometer mounts, Power measurement bridges, Microwave frequency measurement techniques, calibrated resonators (transmission and absorption type). Network Analyzer and its use in measurements.

List of Experiments: Following illustrative practical should be simulated with the help of any RF simulation software:-
1. Study the characteristics of Klystron Tube and to determine its electronic tuning range.
2. To determine the frequency and wavelength in a rectangular wave-guide working on TE10 mode.
3. To determine the Standing Wave-Ratio and reflection coefficient.
4. To measure an unknown impedance with Smith Chart.
5. To study the V-I characteristics of Gunn Diode.
6. To study the following characteristics of Gunn Diode.
(a) Output power and frequency as a function of voltage.
(b) Square wave modulation through PIN diode.
7. Study the function of Magic Tee by measuring the following parameters.
(a) Measurement of VSWR at different ports and
(b) Measurement of isolation and coupling coefficient.
8. Study the function of Isolator / Circulator by measuring the following parameters.
(a) Input VSWR measurement of Isolator / Circulator.
(b) Measurement of insertion loss and isolation.
9. Study the function of Attenuator (Fixed and Variable type) by measuring the following parameters.
(a) Input VSWR measurement.
(b) Measurement of insertion loss and attenuation.
10. Study the function of Multi Hole Directional Coupler by measuring the following parameters.
(a) To measure main line and auxiliary line VSWR.
(b) To measure the coupling factor and directivity.
11. Study of a network analyzer and measurements using it.                        
 



                                                   EC-705 VLSI Design   


UNIT I
Practical Consideration and Technology in VLSI Design Introduction, Size and complexity of Integrated Circuits, The Microelectronics Field, IC Production Process, Processing Steps, Packaging and Testing, MOS Processes, NMOS Process, CMOS Process, Bipolar Technology, Hybrid Technology, Design Rules and Process Parameters.

UNIT II 
Device Modeling Dc Models, Small Signal Models, MOS Models, MOSFET Models in High Frequency and small signal, Short channel devices, Sub threshold Operations, Modeling Noise Sources in MOSFET’s, Diode Models, Bipolar Models, Passive component Models.

UNIT III 
Circuit Simulation Introduction, Circuit Simulation Using Spice, MOSFET Model, Level 1 Large signal model, Level 2 Large Signal Model, High Frequency Model, Noise Model of MOSFET, Large signal Diode Current, High Frequency BJT Model, BJT Noise Model, Temperature Dependence of BJT.

UNIT IV 
Structured Digital Circuits and Systems Random Logic and Structured Logic Forms, Register Storage Circuits, Quasi Static Register Cells, A Static Register Cell, Micro coded Controllers, Microprocessor Design, Systolic Arrays, Bit-Serial Processing Elements, Algotronix.

UNIT V
CMOS Processing Technology Basic CMOS Technology, A Basic n-well CMOS Process, Twin Tub Processes, CMOS Process Enhancement, Interconnects and Circuit Elements, Layout Design Rules, Latch up,  Physical Origin, Latch up Triggering, Latch up Prevention, Internal Latch up Prevention Techniques.  




                                             EC-706 Minor Project and Seminar   
The student should select a topic (from the subjects he has studied so far or any topic related to real life
problem). He should do the literature survey, analyze the problem and propose some solution for the same.
He should prepare a detailed (typed) report regarding the topic and should present the same with the help
of power point presentation at the end of the semester. The analysis of the problem may be done with the
help of some software or any hardware (which may be made by the student).                                                



                                                 EC-707 Industrial Training   
Duration: 4 weeks after the VI semester in the summer break. Assessment in VII semester.
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION
For the assessment of industrial training undertaken by the students, following components are considered
with respective weightage.
 
A) Term work In Industry Marks allotted
1. Attendance and General Discipline    05
2. Daily diary Maintenance     05
3. Initiative and Participative attitude during training  05
4. Assessment of training by Industrial Supervisor/s  15
Total        30
(B) Practical/Oral Examination (Viva-voce In Institution Marks allotted
1. Training Report      20
2. Seminar and cross questioning (defense)  30
Total        50

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RGPV B.E Industrial Production 7th Semester (Grading System) Syllabus

                             IP/IE- 701 Elective –I (701 (A) – Materials Management)   


Unit-1 
Purchasing: Functions, objectives of material management (MM); integration concept and production control; inspection; material classification and coding; importance of writing specifications in MM; standardization and variety reduction techniques; forecasting in purchasing, material planning importance and techniques; master and material budgets; organization of purchase department, qualities of materials manager; mass production purchasing, how much to buy at one time; methods ofpurchasing, purchasing procedures, purchasing problems; vendor evaluation and rating, computerized purchasing systems, purchasing in government organizations.

Unit-2
Stores management: Introduction, objective of store keeping, stores functions, stores organization, stores systems and procedures, stores accounting and verification systems, stores location and layout, factor affecting location, centralized and decentralized storing, automated/retrieval storage.

Unit-3 
Material Handling: Planning and operating principles material handling equipments and classification; belt conveyer, chain conveyers, fork lifts, over head cranes, automated material handling in modern industries.

Unit 4
Inventory models: Necessity of inventory in process and safety stock, problem of excess inventory and cycle time (=WIP/ Throughput), JIT/ lean mfg; basic EOQ/ EPQ models for constant review Q-system(S,s); periodic review, base stock P-system; service level, lead time variance and safety stock;; ABC, VED and other analysis based on shelf life, movement, size, MRP technique and calculations, lot sizing in MRP, linking MRP with JIT; evolution of MRP to ERP

Unit-5 
Miscellaneous: Make or buy decisions; outsourcing benefits and risks; dependency on capacity and knowledge; modular and integral products; framework for make/ buy decision based on dependency and modular/ integral products; buyer-seller relationships in conventional and JIT purchasing; negotiations and its planning; tactics and stages in negotiations; disposal of surplus and obsolete material; performance appraisal of MM department.



                 IP/IE- 701 Elective –I (701 (B) – Computer Aided engineering and FEM)   



Unit-I
Introduction : Structural analysis, objectives, static, Dynamic and kinematics analyses, skeletal and continuum structures, Modeling of infinite d.o.f. system into finite d.o.f. system, Basic steps in finite element problem formulation, General applicability of the method.

Unit-II
Element Types and Characteristics : Discretization of the domain, Basic element shapes, Aspect ratio, Shape functions, Generalized co-ordinates and nodal shape functions; ID bar and beam elements, 2D rectangular and triangular elements; axis-symmetric elements.

Unit-III
Assembly of Elements and Matrices: Concept of element assembly, Global and local coordinate systems, Band width and its effects, Banded and skyline assembly, Boundary conditions, Solution of simultaneous equations, Gaussian elimination and Choleksy decomposition methods, Numerical integration, One and 2D applications.

Unit-IV
Higher Order and iso-parametric Elements: One dimensional quadratic and cubic elements, Use of natural co-ordinate system, Area co-ordinate system continuity and convergence requirements, 2D rectangular and triangular requirement.

Unit-V
Static Analysis: Analysis of trusses and frames, Analysis of machine subassemblies, Use commercial software packages, Advantages and limitations

Unit-VI 
Dynamic Analysis: Hamilton's principle, Derivation of equilibrium, Consistent and lumped mass matrices, Derivation of mass matrices for ID elements, Determination of natural frequencies and mode shapes, Use of commercial software packages.




                         IP/IE- 702 Elective –II (702 (A) – Financial Management    



Unit 1 
Working capital management: Determination of level of current assets; sources for financing working capital; bank finance for working capital; working capital financing; short and long term financing of working capital; working capital leverages

Unit 2 
Cash Management: Forecasting cash flows; cash budgets, long-term cash forecasting; monitoring collections and receivables, optimal cash balances; Baumol model, Miller- model, Stone model; strategies for managing surplus fund.

Unit 3 
Capital structure decisions: Capital structure & market value of a firm; theories of capital
structure; NI approach, NOI approach, Modigliani Miller approach, traditional approach; arbitrage process in capital structure; planning the capital structure: EBIT and EPS analysis. ROI & ROE analysis; capital structure policy

Unit 4 
Hybrid Financing: Preferred stock, warrants and convertibles, private equity; venture funds, angel financing; financial management in intangible-intensive companies; characteristics of intangibles, implications for financial managements, types and approaches to valuations of intangible assets.

Unit 5 
Corporate financial modeling: Agency problem and consideration; effect of inflation on; asset value, firm value, returns; financial planning; basis of financial planning, sales forecast method, proforma P & L account method, pro-forma balance sheet method, determination of External Financing Requirement (EFR).

Unit 6 
Financial Management of sick units: Definition of sickness, causes, symptoms, predictions, revival strategies, institutions for revival of sick units; Economic Value Added (EVA) concept, components of EVA; Market Value Added (MVA).



                              IP/IE- 702 Elective –II (702 (B)– MIS, ERP and e- Business        


UNIT 1 
Management Information System (MIS) definition, Objectives and benefits, MIS as strategic tool, obstacles and challenges for MIS, functional and cross functional systems, hierarchical view of CBIS, structured and unstructured decision, Operation and mgt support, Decision process and MIS, info system components and activities, Value chain and MIS support.

UNIT 2 
System concepts: types, definition, characteristics, feedback (Pull) and feed-forward (Push) control, system stress and entropy, computer as closed system, law of requisite variety, open and flexible (Adaptive) systems, work system model and comparison with input-process- output model, five views of work system: structure, performance, infrastructure, context and risk and their effect on product performance.

UNIT 3 
Info concepts: define data, info, knowledge, intelligence and wisdom, Information characteristics and attributes, info measurement and probability, characteristics of human as info processor.

UNIT 4 
Planning and control Concepts: terminologies, difficulties in planning, system analysis and development plan-purpose and participants, info planning, (SDLC) system development life cycle for inhouse and licensed sw, system investigation, analysis of needs, design and implementation phases, training of Operational personnel, evaluation, Control and Maintenance of Information Systems.

UNIT 5 
E-business components and interrelationship, Evolution of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) from MRP, Supply chain management (SCM) and Customer relationship management (CRM), Integrated data model, strategic and operational issues in ERP, Business Process Re-Engineering (BPR), significance and functions, information technology and computer NW support to MIS.



                              IP- 703 – Welding and Non- Destructive Testing    


UNIT I 
Arc welding: Arcing phenomenon, metal transfer in arc welding, arc blow, types of electrode & their coating, electrodes for SMAW/ MIG, TIG, SAW,PAW & their specification. Gas welding: Welding techniques; left ward and right ward welding, filler metals and rods; oxy hydrogen and other fuel gas welding; air acetylene welding.

UNIT II 
Special welding process: Cold pressure welding; diffusion welding, ultra sonic welding explosive welding friction welding and inertia welding; forge welding, electron beam welding; laser beam welding; atomic hydrogen welding; thermit welding, under water welding process, thermal spraying & metal-addition

UNIT III
Weld-ability and Weld-ability testing: Weld-ability of cast iron, effect of alloying elements in Weld-ability; steel, stainless steel, aluminum & copper welding; welding of plastics. Distortion & discontinuities in weld-jobs: Weld-jobs distortion and its control, various discontinuities in welds, residual stresses in weld-jobs; trouble shooting.

UNIT IV 
Non Destructive Testing and inspection of weld-jobs: Non destructive methods of testing weld-jobs; stages of weld inspection and testing, visual inspection ,leak test; stethoscopes test; X-ray and -ray radiography, magnetic particle inspection; liquid(dye) penetrate test; fluorescent penetrate inspection; ultrasonic inspection and Eddy current testing.

UNIT V 
Testing: Pipe, plate, boiler, drum, tank testing. Case-studies weld thermal cycle- residual stresses-distortion-relieving of stresses. Automation in welding: Structure analysis; basic operations, robotic welding, types of welding robots.

List Of Experiments (Please Expand it): 
1. Prepare job of lap and butt joint by electric arc welding
2. Study/ make job on special welding methods like TIG, MIG, laser welding
3. Find welding defects on weld jobs by cutting welded joints
4. Non destructive die penetration testing of weld jobs
5. Experiments on various NDT methods contained in the theory      
 


                                              IP/IE- 704 – Industrial Robotics  


Unit I 
Introduction: Need and importance, basic concepts, structure and classification of industrial robots, terminology of robot motion, motion characteristics, resolution, accuracy, repeatability, robot applications.

Unit II 
End Effectors and Drive systems: Drive systems for robots, salient features and comparison, different types of end effectors, design, applications.

Unit III
Sensors: Sensor evaluation and selection  Piezoelectric sensors  linear position and displacement sensing, revolvers, encoders, velocity measurement, proximity, tactile, compliance and range sensing. Image Processing and object recognition.

Unit IV 
Robot Programming: Teaching of robots, manual, walk through, teach pendant, off line programming concepts and languages, applications.

Unit V
Safety and Economy of Robots: Work cycle time analysis, economics and effectiveness of robots, safety systems and devices, concepts of testing methods and acceptance rule for industrial robots.
 
List Of Experiments (Please Expand it):
1. Study of different types of robots
2. Study of different robot arm motions
3. Study of sensors used in robots
4. Experiments on robot programming
5. Modeling of robots            

                    


                                 IP/IE- 705 – Logistics and Supply Chain Management  


Unit 1 
Introduction: Definition, importance, expenditure and opportunities in SCM; integration of inbound, outbound logistics and manufacturing to SCM, flow of material money and information, difficulties in SCM due to local v/s system wide (global) optimization and uncertainties in demand and transportation; Bull-whip effect; customer value; IT, info-sharing and strategic partnerships;

Unit 2 
Design of Logistics & SC network: Plant and warehouse-network configuration; data collection and aggregation; transportation and mileage costs; warehouse capacity, costs and potential locations; service level requirements; variance reduction by pooling demands; cross docking and transshipments distribution. Distribution channels, elements of logistics, Integrated logistics, organizing for effective logistics lean logistics, reverse logistics, business & marketing logistics value creation in logistics.

Unit 3
Inventory models: Necessity of inventory in process and safety stock, problem of excess inventory and cycle time (=WIP/ Throughput), JIT/ lean mfg; basic EOQ/ EPQ models for constant review Q-system(S,s); periodic review, base stock P-system; service level, lead time variance and safety stock;; ABC, VED and other analysis based on shelf life, movement, size, MRP technique and calculations, lot sizing in MRP, linking MRP with JIT; evolution of MRP to ERP to SCM and e-business.

Unit 4 
Strategic alliance and integration: Outsourcing benefits and risks; dependency on capacity and knowledge; modular and integral products; framework for make/ buy decision based on dependency and modular/ integral products; issues to be addressed in strategic alliance; use and merit/ demerit of third party (3PL) logistic; push, pull and push-pull based supply chains; push-pull boundary, appropriate strategy on matrix of demand uncertainty and economy of scale; coordination and leadership issues; change of purchasing role and vendor rating, variability from multiple suppliers; supply contracts and revenue sharing;

Unit 5 
Role of IT: Value and impact of centralized information on Bullwhip effect; effective forecasts; locating products in SC; lead time reduction; dimensions of customer value; relationship and customer satisfaction; strategic pricing; IT infrastructure;; standardization and compatibility; interface devices, communication and databases; performance measurement in supply chain management; Decision Support Systems for SCM

List Of Experiments (Please Expand it):
1. Case studies and problems related to the theory
2. Design of network configurations using computer



                                            IP/IE- 706 – Minor Project  


Provision of Minor project is made as preparation phase-I for major project or to take it as an independent small project. For details of project see ME-805- Major project                                              
  Grading System 2013 - 14  


                                  IP/IE- 707 – Industrial Training  

Objective of Industrial Training The objective of undertaking industrial training is to provide work experience so that student’s engineering knowledge is enhanced and employment prospects are improved. The student should take this course as a window to the real World and should try to learn as much as possible from real life experiences by involving and interacting with industry staff. Industrial training also provides an opportunity to students to select an engineering problem and possibly an industry guide for their Major Project in final semester.

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RGPV B.E Civil 7th Semester (Grading System) Syllabus

                                CE 701 – Design of Hydraulic Structure    


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Unit - I
Gravity dams: Design Criteria, forces acting on gravity dams, elementary profile, low and high gravity dams, stability analysis, evaluation of profile by method of zoning, practical profile, foundation treatment, construction joints, galleries in gravity dams.

Unit - II  
Earth and Rock fill dams : Earth Dams: Types, causes of failure and design criteria, soils suitable for earth dam construction, construction methods, foundation requirements, typical earth dam sections, estimation of seepage through and below the dam, seepage control, stability of slopes by slip circle method of analysis, pore pressures, sudden draw down, steady seepage and construction pore pressure condition. Rock fill dams: Types, merits and demerits, conditions favourable for their adoption.

Unit - III 
Spillways : Ogee spillway and its design, details of syphon, shaft, chute and side channel spillways, emergency spillways.

Unit - IV 
Energy dissipatiors and gates : Principles of energy dissipation Energy dissipators based on tail water rating curve and jump height curves Spillway crest gates - vertical lift and radial gates, their design principles and details. Design of canal regulating structures, Detaild design of Sarda Falls, design of cross drainage works, sphypon aquaduct.

Unit - V 
Hydropower Plants: Introduction of Hydropower development, assessment of power potential, types of hydropower plants, general features of hydro-electric schemes, selection of turbines, draft tubes, surge tanks, penstocks, power house dimensions, development of micro hydel stations, tidal plants, pumped storage plants and their details.



                           CE 702 – Advanced Structural Design – II (RCC)    


Unit - I 
Design of Multistory Buildings - Sway and nonsway buildings, Shear walls and other bracing elements.

Unit II 
Earth Retaining Structures: Cantilever and counter fort types retaining walls.

Unit - III 
Water Tanks: Tanks on ground and underground tanks: Square, rectangular, circular tanks, Overhead tanks: square, rectangular, circular & intze tanks.

Unit - IV 
Silos and Bunkers

Unit - V 
T-beam & Slab bridges- for highway loading (IRC Loads). Prestressing concepts materials, systems of prestressing & losses Introduction to working & limit State Design.




                                       CE 703 – Environmental Engg. - II  


Unit - I 
Sewerage schemes and their importance, collection & conveyance of sewage, storm water  quantity, fluctuation in sewage flow, flow through sewer, design of sewer, construction & maintenance of sewer, sewer appurtenances, pumps & pumping stations.

Unit -II 
Characteristics and analysis of waste wate, rcycles of decomposition, physical, chemical & biological parameters. Oxygen demand i.e. BOD & COD, TOC, TOD, Th OD, Relative Stability, population equivalent, instrumentation involved in analysis, natural methods of waste water disposal i.e. by land treatment & by dilution, self purification capacity of stream, Oxygen sag analysis.

Unit -III
Unit operations for waste water treatment, preliminary treatment such as screens, grit chamber, floatation tank, sedimentation and chemical clarification, role of micro-organism in biological treatment, Sewage filtration- theory & design.

Unit - IV
Methods of Biological Treatment (Theory & Design) - Activated Sludge process, Oxidation ditch, stabilization ponds, aerated lagoon, anaerobic lagoons, septic tank & imhoff tank, sources & treatment of sludge, sludge thickening and digestion sludge drying beds, sludge disposal.

Unit - V
Advanced Waste Water treatment - Diatomaceorus earth filters, ultrafiltration, Adsorption by activated carbon, Phosphorus removal, Nitrogen removal, Physico chemical waste water treatment, Solid waste disposal - classification, composition, collection, & disposal methods. Rural sanitation - collection & disposal of refuse, sullage & night soil


List of Experiment 
1. To study the various standards for waste water
2. To study the sampling techniques for waste water
3. To determine the alkalinity in water sample
4. To determine the acidity in water sample
5. Determination of Dissolved Oxygen in the water and waste water sample
6. Determination of Biological Oxygen demand of a waste water sample
7. Determination of Chemical Oxygen demand of a waste water sample
8. Determination of various types of solids in the waste water sample
9. Determination of bacterial number by membrane filter Technique
10. Determination of bacterial colonies by standard plat count method



                                       CE 704 – Quantity surveying & Costing    


Unit – I 
Introduction: Purpose and importance of estimates, principles of estimating. Methods of taking out quantities of items of work. Mode of measurement, measurement sheet and abstract sheet; bill of quantities.Types of estimate, plinth area rate, cubical content rate, preliminary, original, revised and supplementary estimates for different projects.

Unit – II 
Rate Analysis: Task for average artisan, various factors involved in the rate of an item, material and labour requirement for various trades; preparation for rates of important items of work. Current schedule of rates. (C.S.R.)

Unit – III
Detailed Estimates: Preparing detailed estimates of various types of buildings, R.C.C. works, earth work calculations for roads and estimating of culverts Services for building such as water supply, drainage and electrification.

Unit – IV 
Cost of Works: Factors affecting cost of work, overhead charges, Contingencies and work charge establishment, various percentages for different services in building. Preparation of DPR.

Unit – V
Valuation: Purposes, depreciation, sinking fund, scrap value, year’s purchase, gross and net income, dual rate interest, methods of valuation, rent fixation of buildings.

Practical & Sessional Works: 
1. Preparation of detailed estimate.
2. Detailed estimate for services of plumbing and water supply or Electrification work.
3. Detailed estimate for earth work for the road construction or arched culvert.
4. Rate analysis for at least 8 items of construction.
5. Preparation of DPR of Civil Engineering Project.        




                 CE- 705 Elective- I (CE- 7101 Computational Methods in  Structural Engineering)


Unit - I. 
Matrix formulation for the principle of virtual work and energy principles, principle of contragradience, stiffness and flexibility matrices, Degree of Freedom. Axial, bending, shear and torsional deformations. Local and Global Element stiffness matrices for bar, beam, shaft, grid, shear wall, beamcolumn, beam with rigid ends, beam on elastic foundation and elements with special boundary conditions. nonprismatic and curved elements, forces and displacements in general coordinate axes, structure stiffness matrix.

Unit - II. 
Basics of the Direct Stiffness method - Analysis of pinjointed frames, rigid jointed structures, plane grids and composite structures for different loads including temperature, shrinkage, prestressing forces. Elastic stability analysis of 2-D rigid jointed frames, (Sway & Nonsway)

Unit - III. 
Concepts of Bandwidth, various storage schemes & equation solvers; Reduction in order of stiffness matrix - use of substructures, static condensation method, Exploiting symmetry, skew symmetry and cyclic symmetry in structures, Imposition of Constraints – Lagrange Multiplier and Penalty Methods.

Unit - IV. 
Analysis of continuum structures - Fundamental equations of theory of elasticity (2D), basic concepts of Finite Element Analysis, derivation of generalised element stiffness matrix and load vectors, convergence requirements, stiffness matrices for various elements using shape functions, Triangular and Rectangular elements. (PSPS)

Unit - V. 
Two Dimensional Iso parametric elements, shape functions for Simplex. Lagrangian and Serendipidity family elements in natural coordinates, computation of stiffness matrix for isoparametric elements, degrading of elements, plate bending elements.



                              CE- 705 Elective- I (CE- 7102 Traffic Engineering)    


Unit -I. 
Traffic Characteristics : (i) Road user’s characteristics - general human characteristics, physical, mental and emotional factors, factors affecting reaction time, PIEV theory. (ii) Vehicular characteristics: Characteristics affecting road design-width, height, length and other dimensions. weight, power, speed and braking capacity of a vehicle.

Unit -II. 
Traffic Studies : (i)Spot Speed Studies and Volume Studies.(ii) Speed and Delay Studies purpose, causes of delay, methods of conducting speed and delay studies. (iii) Origin and  destination Studies ( O & D) : Various methods, collection and interpretation of data, planning and sampling. (iv) Traffic Capacity Studies: Volume, density, basic practical and possible capacities, level of service. (v) Parking Studies: Methods of parking studies cordon counts, space inventories, parking practices.

Unit -III. 
Traffic Operations and Control : (i) Traffic regulations and various means of control.(ii) One way streets- advantages and limitations. (iii) Traffic signals- isolated signals, coordinated signals, simultaneous, alternate, flexible and progressive signal systems. Types of traffic signals, fixed time signals, traffic actuated signals, speed control signals, pedestrian signals, flashing signals, clearance interval and problems on single isolated traffic signal.

Unit -IV. 
Street Lighting : (i) Methods of light distribution. (ii) Design of street lighting system. (iii) Definitions- Luminaire, foot candle, Lumen, utilization and maintenance factors. (iv) Different types of light sources used for street lighting. (v) Fundamental factors of night vision.

Unit -V.
Accident Studies & Mass Transportation : (i) Accident Studies : Causes of accidents, accident studies and records, condition and collision diagram, preventive measures. (ii) Expressways and freeways, problems on mass transportation and remedial measures, brief study of mass transportation available in the country.



                           CE- 705 Elective- I (CE- 7103Industrial Waste Treatment)    



Unit - I. 
Problem of Water Pollution: Effects of wastes on streams and sewage treatment plant. Natural purification of streams. oxygen sag curve. allowable organic load on streams classification of stream, stream standards and effluent standards. requirement of water for different purposes.

Unit - II. 
Measurement of Waste Water Volume: Sampling of waste waters, grab and composite samples. analysis of waste water. biochemical oxygen demand. chemical oxygen demand and pH value of waste, toxicity of waste by bioassay method. Pretreatment of Wastes: Volume and strength reduction, salvage of materials, recovery of by products, reuse of waste water.

Unit - III.
Conventional Methods of Treatment of Waste Water: Removal of suspended solids, removal of inorganic and organic dissolved solids, studge disposal, advance methods of treatment, such as reverse osmosis, ion exchange, electrodialysis, algal harvesting etc. low cost treatment plants. common effluent treatment plant, design and operation.

Unit - IV.
Combined Treatment of Waste Water Sewage: Energy requirement optimization and bedget, municipal regulation, sewer rental charge, instrumentation in waste water treatment plants, collection of data, operation and maintenance of plants, water pollution control board.

Unit - V. 
Brief study of industrial processes and treatment methods of waste water from common industries, such as textile, dairy, paper and pulp, tannery, distillery. Hazardeous wastes- Impact handing and disposal.

 

           CE- 705 Elective- I (CE- 7104 Cost Effective & ECO-Friendly Construction)    



UNIT-I 
Concepts of energy efficient & environment friendly materials and techniques.
Cost effective materials :- Soil, Fly ash, Ferrocement, Lime, Fibres, Stone Dust, Red mud, Gypsum, Alternate Wood, Polymer.
Energy Efficient & Environment friendly building material products :-
Walls - Stabilised and sun dried, soil blocks & bricks, Solid & Hollow concrete blocks, stone masonry blocks, Ferrocement partitions. Roofs - Precast R.C. Plank & Joists roof, Precast channel roof, Precast L-panel roof, Precast Funicular shells, Ferrocement shells, Filler Slab, Seasal Fibre roof, Improved country tiles, Thatch roof, M.C.R. tile.

UNIT-II 
Cost effective construction techniques and equipments :-
(a) Techniques :- Rat trap bond construction, Energy Efficient roofings, Ferrocement technique, Mud Technology. (b) Equipments :- Brick moulding machine, Stablilised soil block making machine and plants for the manufacturing of concrete blocks, M.C.R. tile making machine, Ferrocement wall panel & Roofing channel making machine, R.C.C. Chaukhat making m/c.

UNIT-III 
Cost effective sanitation :- (a)  Waste water disposal system (b)  Cost effective sanitation for rural and urban areas (c)  Ferrocement Drains

UNIT-IV 
Low Cost Road Construction :- Cost effective road materials, stabilization, construction techniques tests, equipment used for construction, drainage, maintenance.

UNIT-V 
Cost analysis and comparison :- (a)  All experimental materials (b)  All experimental techniques          




                      CE- 705 Elective- I (CE- 7105 Environmental Impact Assessment)   


UNIT-I 
Concept of EIA : Introduction of EIA, Utility and scope of EIA, Significant Environmental Impacts, Stage of EIA, Environmental Inventory, Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)

UNIT-II 
Methods of Impact Identification : Environmental Indices and indicators for describing the affected environment, matrix methodologies, network, checklist, and other method.

UNIT-III
Impact analysis : Framework, statement predication and assessment of impact of air, water, noise and socio-economic environment.

UNIT-IV 
Preparation of written documentation : Initial planning phase, detailed planning phase, writing phase, organizing relevant information, co-ordination of team writing effort.

UNIT-V 
Public Participation in Environmental Decision making : Basic definitions, Regulatory requirements, Advantages & disadvantages of Public Participation, Selection of Public participation techniques, Practical considerations for implementation.                          



                                        CE 706 – Minor Project      
Each candidate shall work on an approved project of a public building or any other civil engineering work and shall submit design and a set of drawings. OR Shall submit a detailed report of experimental work/ software package on any specific problem of importance.   

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RGPV B.E Mechanical 7th Semester (Grading System ) Syllabus

                         
                           Elective –I (ME-701 (A) – Design of Heat Exchangers)     


UNIT 1: 
Introduction: Types of heat exchangers heat transfer laws applied to heat exchangers convection Coefficients, resistance caused by the walls and by fouling, overall heat transfer coefficient.

Unit 2:
Thermal & hydraulic design of commonly used heat exchangers : LMTD & NTU Methods, correction factors, Double pipe heat exchangers , shell and tube heat exchangers, condensers , Evaporators ,Cooling and dehumidifying coils ,cooling towers, evaporative condensers ,design of air washers, desert coolers.

Unit 3: 
TEMA standard: Tubular heat exchangers TEMA standard heat-exchanger- nomenclature, selection criteria for different types of shells and front and rear head ends; geometrical characteristics of TEMA heat exchangers.

Unit 4: 
Review of mechanical Design, Materials of Construction, corrosion damage, testing and inspection.

Unit 5: 
Heat Pipe: Basics & its mathematical model, micro Heat Exchangers0, Use of Software in heat exchanger design.



                   ME-701 Elective –I (ME-701 (B) – Computer Aided engineering and FEM    


Unit-I 
Introduction : Structural analysis, objectives, static, Dynamic and kinematics analyses, Skeletal and continuum structures, Modeling of infinite d.o.f. system into finite d.o.f. system, Basic steps in finite element problem formulation, General applicability of the method.

Unit-II 
Element Types and Characteristics : Discretization of the domain, Basic element shapes, Aspect ratio, Shape functions, Generalized co-ordinates and nodal shape functions; ID bar and beam elements, 2D rectangular and triangular elements; axis-symmetric elements.

Unit-III 
Assembly of Elements and Matrices : Concept of element assembly, Global and local coordinate systems, Band width and its effects, Banded and skyline assembly, Boundary conditions, Solution of simultaneous equations, Gaussian elimination and Choleksy decomposition methods, Numerical integration, One and 2D applications.

Unit-IV 
Higher Order and iso-parametric Elements: One dimensional quadratic and cubic elements, Use of natural co-ordinate system, Area co-ordinate system continuity and convergence requirements, 2D rectangular and triangular requirement.

Unit-V 
Static Analysis: Analysis of trusses and frames, Analysis of machine subassemblies, Use commercial software packages, Advantages and limitations

Unit-VI 
Dynamic Analysis: Hamilton's principle, Derivation of equilibrium, Consistent and lumped mass matrices, Derivation of mass matrices for ID elements, Determination of natural frequencies and mode shapes, Use of commercial software packages.



                         ME-701 Elective –I (ME-701 (C) – Industrial Robotics       



Unit I 
Introduction: Need and importance, basic concepts, structure and classification of industrial robots, terminology of robot motion, motion characteristics, resolution, accuracy, repeatability, robot applications.

Unit II 
End Effectors and Drive systems: Drive systems for robots, salient features and comparison, different types of end effectors, design, applications.

Unit III 
Sensors: Sensor evaluation and selection  Piezoelectric sensors  linear position and displacement sensing, revolvers, encoders, velocity measurement, proximity, tactile, compliance and range sensing. Image Processing and object recognition.

Unit IV 
Robot Programming: Teaching of robots, manual, walk through, teach pendant, off line programming concepts and languages, applications.

Unit V 
Safety and Economy of Robots: Work cycle time analysis, economics and effectiveness of robots, safety systems and devices, concepts of testing methods and acceptance rule for industrial robots.
   



                     ME-701 Elective –I (ME-701 (D) – Work Study and Ergonomics       



Unit 1 
Method study: purpose of work study, its objectives, procedure and applications; method study definition and basic procedure, selection of job, various recording techniques like outline process charts, flow process charts, man machine charts, two handed process charts, string diagram, flow diagram, multiple activity chart, simo, cyclographs and chrono-cyclographs; critical examination, development, installation and maintenance of improved method; principles of motion economy and their application in work design; micro motion study, memo motion study and their use in methods study.

Unit 2 
Work measurement: Introduction & definition, objectives and basic procedure of work measurement; application of work measurement in industries; time study: basic procedure, equipments needed, methods of measuring time, selection of jobs, breaking a job into elements; numbers of cycles to be timed; rating and methods of rating, allowances, calculation of standard time. Work sampling: Basic procedure, design of work sampling study conducting work sampling study and establishment of standard-time.

Unit 3 
Job evaluation and incentive schemes: Starlight line, Tailor, Merrick and Gantt incentive plans Standard data system; elemental and non-elemental predetermined motion systems, work factors system; Methods Time Measurement (MTM), MOST

Unit 4
Human factor engineering: Definition and history of development of human factors engineering, types & characteristics of man-machine-system, relative capabilities of human being and machines; development and use of human factor data; information input and processing: Introduction to information theory; factors effecting information reception and processing; coding and selecting of sensory inputs.

Unit 5 
Display systems and anthropometric data: Display- types of visual display, visual indicators and warning signals; factorial and graphic display; general principles of auditory and tactral display, characteristics and selection.




                       ME-702 Elective –II (ME-702 (A) – Renewable Energy System   


UNIT-I
Solar Radiation: Extra-terrestrial and terrestrial, radiation measuring instrument, radiation measurement and predictions. Solar thermal conversion: Basics, Flat plate collectors-liquid and air type. Theory of flat plate collectors, selective coating, advanced collectors, Concentrators: optical design of concentrators, solar water heater, solar dryers, solar stills, solar cooling and refrigeration. Solar photovoltaic: Principle of photovoltaic conversion of solar energy; Technology for fabrication of photovoltaic devices; Applications of solar cells in PV generation systems; Organic PV cells.  

UNIT-II
Wind energy characteristics and measurement: Metrology of wind speed distribution, wind speed statistics, Weibull, Rayleigh and Normal distribution, Measurement of wind data, Energy estimation of wind regimes; Wind Energy Conversion: Wind energy conversion principles; General introduction; Types and classification of WECS; Power, torque and speed characteristics; power curve of wind turbine, capacity factor, matching wind turbine with wind regimes; Application of wind energy.

UNIT-III 
Production of biomass, photosynthesis-C3 & C4 plants on biomass production; Biomass resources assessment; Co2 fixation potential of biomass; Classification of biomass; Physicochemical characteristics of biomass as fuel Biomass conversion routes: biochemical, chemical and thermo chemical Biochemical conversion of biomass to energy: anaerobic digestion, biogas production mechanism, technology, types of digesters, design of biogas plants, installation, operation and maintenance of biogas plants, biogas plant manure-utilization and manure values. Biomass Gasification: Different types, power generation from gasification, cost benefit analysis of power generation by gasification.

UNIT-IV
Small Hydropower Systems: Overview of micro, mini and small hydro system; hydrology; Elements of turbine; Assessment of hydro power; selection and design criteria of turbines; site selection and civil works; speed and voltage regulation; Investment issue load management and tariff collection; Distribution and marketing issues. Ocean Energy: Ocean energy resources, ocean energy routs; Principle of ocean thermal energy conversion system, ocean thermal power plants. Principles of ocean wave energy and Tidal energy conversion.

UNIT-IV 
Geothermal energy: Origin of geothermal resources, type of geothermal energy deposits, site selection geothermal power plants; Hydrogen Energy: Hydrogen as a source of energy, Hydrogen production and storage. Fuel Cells: Types of fuel cell, fuel cell system and sub-system, Principle of working, basic thermodynamics



                      ME-702 Elective –II (ME-702 (B)  – Project Management            


Unit 1 
Concepts of project management:: Meaning, definition and characteristics of a project, technical and socio-cultural dimensions; project life cycle phases, project planning and graphic presentation; work breakdown structure, manageable tasks; size of network; blow down NW; identity and logic dummy activity; Fulkerson rule for numbering NW; time-scaled NW

Unit-2 
NW analysis: PERT network; mean time and variances; probability to complete PERT project in specified time; CPM network; Event Occurrence Time (EOT); activity start/ finish times; forward and reverse path calculations, concept and calculation of floats; resource allocation and critical-chain; overview of MS-project-2000.

Unit-3 
Project duration and control: Importance and options to accelerate project completion; timecost tradeoff; fixed variable and total costs; use of floats and cost optimization; project performance measures; project monitoring info and reports; project control process; Gant chart and control chart; cost-schedule S-graph; planned cost of work schedule (PV), budgeted/ earned cost of work completed (EV) and actual cost of work completed (AC); schedule and cost variances (SV, CV) forecasting final project costs.

Unit-4 
Project organization, culture and leadership: projects within functional organization; dedicated project/ task-force teams; staff, matrix and network organization; choosing appropriate project organization; Organization culture; ten characteristics; cultural dimensions supportive to projects; social network and management by wandering around (MBWA); different traits of a manager and leader; managing project teams; five stage team development model; shared vision; conflicts; rewards; rejuvenating project teams; project stakeholders; concept of project partnering.

Unit-5 
Strategic planning and project appraisal: Capital allocation key criteria; Porters competitive strategy model; BCG matrix; Strategic Position Action Evaluation (SPACE); time value of money; cash flows; payback period; IRR; cost of capital; NPV; social cost benefit analysis; UNIDO approach; project risks and financing.



                 ME-702 Elective –II (ME-702 (C) – Total Quality Management and SQC              


Unit 1 
Evolution of total quality management, historical perspective, teamwork, TQM and ISO 9000; information technology and Business Process Re-engineering (BPR); TPM and quality awards; aids and barriers to quality mgt, creating vision and initiating transformation, establishing programs for education and self coordination, policy setting and review, flowchart of policy mgt and relation with daily mgt. improvements, measurement of key indicators; quality mgt leader; cross functional teams and  

Unit 2 
Process- definition, variation and feedback, funnel-marble experiment- rules of adjustment and its effects, quality- definition, goalpost and kaizen view, quality of design, conformance and performance; Taguchi loss function, cost of quality, chain action of improving quality to productivity to motivation and low cost; Deming’s theory of mgt, fourteen points and variance reduction; attributes enumerative and variables analytic studies.

Unit 3
SQC-Control charts: basic discrete and continuous distributions, measures of central tendency, variability and shapes, sampling, size and central value theorem, control chart structure, process plotting and stability, study of out-of-control evidences, defect detection and prevention, use of control charts in evaluating past, present and future trends; attribute control charts, count and classification charts, construction and interpretation of p , np , c and u charts, PDSA cycle(plan, do, study, act), and R charts, and s charts, individual and moving range chart, trial control limits and out of control points.

Unit 4 
Process diagnostics: Between and Within Group variations, periodic and persistent disturbances, control chart patterns-natural, level-shift, cycle, wild, multi-universe, relationship and other out of control patterns; diagnosing a process, brainstorming; cause-effect, Ishikava, interrelationship, systematic and matrix diagrams; change concepts and waste elimination

Unit 5 
Process improvement: Performance and technical specifications, attribute-process and variable-process capability studies; unstable and stable process capability studies and examples; attribute and variable improvement studies; Inspection: acceptance sampling(AS)- lot formation, single, double and multiple/sequential sampling plans, operating characteristic (OC) curve, producer and consumer risk, theoretical invalidation of AS, kp rule for stable and chaotic processes.




                            ME-702 Elective –II (ME-702 (D) – MIS ERP and e Business       



UNIT 1 
Management Information System (MIS) definition, Objectives and benefits, MIS as strategic tool, obstacles and challenges for MIS, functional and cross functional systems, hierarchical view of CBIS, structured and unstructured decision, Operation and mgt support, Decision process and MIS, info system components and activities, Value chain and MIS support.

UNIT 2 
System concepts: types, definition, characteristics, feedback (Pull) and feed-forward (Push) control, system stress and entropy, computer as closed system, law of requisite variety, open and flexible (Adaptive) systems, work system model and comparison with input-process- output model, five views of work system: structure, performance, infrastructure, context and risk and their effect on product performance.

UNIT 3 
Info concepts: define data, info, knowledge, intelligence and wisdom, Information characteristics and attributes, info measurement and probability, characteristics of human as info processor.

UNIT 4 
Planning and control Concepts: terminologies, difficulties in planning, system analysis and development plan-purpose and participants, info planning, (SDLC) system development life cycle for inhouse and licensed sw, system investigation, analysis of needs, design and implementation phases, training of Operational personnel, evaluation, Control and Maintenance of Information Systems.

UNIT 5 
E-business components and interrelationship, Evolution of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) from MRP, Supply chain management (SCM) and Customer relationship management (CRM), Integrated data model, strategic and operational issues in ERP, Business Process Re-Engineering (BPR), significance and functions, information technology and computer NW support to MIS.



                             ME-703- Mechanical Vibration and Noise Engineering  



Unit 1: 
Fundamental Aspects of Vibrations: Vibration, main causes, advantages and disadvantages; engineering applications of vibration and noise; vector method of representing harmonic motion; characteristics of vibration, harmonic analysis and beats phenomenon, work done by harmonic forces on harmonic motion; periodic, non-harmonic functions- Fourier series analysis; evaluation of coefficients of Fourier series; elements of vibratory system; lumped and distributed parameter systems. Undamped Free Vibrations: Derivation of differential equation of motion: the energy method, the method based on Newtons second law of motion, and Rayleighs method. Solution of differential equation of motion: Natural frequency of vibration. Systems involving angular oscillations: the compound pendulum.

Unit 2:
Damped Free Vibrations: Viscous damping: coefficient of damping; damping ratio; under damped, over damped and critically damped systems; logarithmic decrement; frequency of damped free vibration; Coulomb or dry friction damping; frequency, decay rate and comparison of viscous and Coulomb damping; solid and structural damping; slip or interfacial damping.

Unit 3: 
Harmonically excited Vibration: One degree of freedom- forced harmonic vibration; vector representation of forces; excitation due to rotating and reciprocating unbalance; vibration Isolation, force and motion transmissibility; absolute and relative motion of mass (Seismic Instruments ). Whirling Motion and Critical Speed : Whirling motion and Critical speed : Definitions and significance .Critical -speed of a vertical , light flexible shaft with single rotor : with and without damping .Critical speed of a shaft carrying multiple discs (without damping ), Secondary critical speed.

Unit 4: 
Systems With Two Degrees of Freedom : Un-damped free vibration of 2 d.o.f and Principal modes of vibration; torsion vibrations; Forced, Un-damped vibrations with harmonic excitation ; Coordinate coupling; Dynamic vibration absorber; torsion Vibration Absorber; Pendulum type of dynamic vibration.

Unit 5: 
Noise Engineering -Subjective response of sound: Frequency and sound dependent human response; the decibel scale; relationship between, sound pressure level (SPL), sound power level and sound intensity scale; relationship between addition, subtraction and averaging, sound spectra and Octave band analysis; loudness; weighting networks; equivalent sound level, auditory effects of noise; hazardous noise, exposure due to machines and equipments; hearing conservation and damage risk criteria, daily noise doze. Noise: Sources, Isolation and Control: Major sources of noise on road and in industries, noise due to construction equipments and domestic appliances, industrial noise control, strategies- noise control at source (with or without sound enclosures), noise control along the path (with or without partitions and acoustic barriers ); noise control at the receiver, ear defenders, earplugs, semi-insert protectors.

List of experiments (please expand it);
Mechanical Vibration and Noise Engineering-AU/ ME 703
1- To find out effect of load on natural frequency of vibrations of a lever pin supported at one     end carrying adjustable load on a vertical screwed bar and spring supported at some     intermediate point (i) When the dead weight of rods is neglected and (ii) when their dead     weight is taken into account . 2- To find out frequency of damped free vibration and rate of decay of vibration-amplitude in      the system.
3- To find out natural frequency and damped free frequency of a torsion pendulum and , hence     to find out coefficient of damping of the oil ;
4- To observe the phenomenon of whirl in a horizontal light shaft and to determine the critical     speed of the shaft.
5- To observe the mode shapes of a spring-connected, double pendulum and hence to     demonstrate the phenomenon of beats.
6- To demonstrate the principle of tuned Undamped Dynamic Vibration Absorber and to    determine the effect of mass-ratio (of main and auxiliary mass) on the spread of the resulting    natural frequencies ;
7- To take measurements of sound Pressure Level (SPL) and to carry out octave band    analysis of a machine using Noise Level Meter.                          



                                           ME-704- Automobile Engineering     



Unit-I: 
Chassis & Body Engg: Types, Technical details of commercial vehicles, types of chassis, lay out, types of frames, testing of frames for bending & torsion on unutilized body frame, vehicle body and their construction, drivers visibility and methods for improvement, safety aspects of vehicles, vehicle aerodynamics, optimization of body shape, drivers cab design, body materials, location of engine, front wheel and rear wheel drive, four wheel drive.

Unit-II:
Steering System: front axle beam, stub axle, front wheel assembly, principles of types of wheel alignment, front wheel geometry viz. camber, Kingpin inclination, castor, toe-in and toe- out, condition for true rolling motion, centre point steering, directional stability of vehicles, steering gear, power steering, slip angle, cornering power, over steer & under steer, gyroscopic effect on steering gears.  

Unit-III: 
Transmission System: Function and types of clutches, single plate, multi-plate clutch, roller & spring clutch, clutch lining and bonding, double declutching, types of gear Boxes, synchroniser, gear materials, determination of gear ratio for vehicles, gear box performance at different vehicle speed, automatic transmission, torque converters, fluid coupling, principle of hydrostatic drive, propeller shaft, constant velocity universal joints, differential gear box, rear axle construction.

Unit-IV: 
Suspension system : Basic suspension movements, Independent front & rear suspension, shock absorber, type of springs: leaf spring, coil spring, air spring, torsion bar, location of shackles, power calculations, resistance to vehicle motion during acceleration and breaking, power & torque curve, torque & mechanical efficiency at different vehicle speeds, weight transfer, braking systems, disc theory, mechanical, hydraulic & pneumatic power brake systems, performance, self-energisation, airbleeding of hydraulic brakes, types of wheels and tyres, tyre specifications, construction and material properties of tyres & tubes.

Unit-V: 
Electrical and Control Systems: storage battery, construction and operation of lead acid battery, testing of battery, principle of operation of starting mechanism, different drive systems, starter relay switch, regulator electric fuel gauge, fuel pump, horn, wiper, Lighting system, head light dazzling, signaling devices, battery operated vehicles, choppers. importance of maintenance, scheduled and unscheduled maintenance, wheel alignment, trouble Shooting probable causes & remedies of various systems, microprocessor based control system for automobile, intelligent automobile control systems.  

Unit-VI: 
Emission standards and pollution control: Indian standards for automotive vehicles- Bharat I and II, Euro-I and Euro-II norms, fuel quality standards, environmental management systems for automotive vehicles, catalytic converters, fuel additives, and modern trends in automotive engine efficiency and emission control.

List of experiments (please expand it): Study of chassis, suspension, steering mechanisms, transmission, gear-box, differential systems, and electrical systems of various light and heavy automotive vehicles;                                              



                               ME-705- Operations Research and Supply Chain    


Unit 1 
Linear system and distribution models: Mathematical formulation of linear systems by LP, solution of LP for two variables only, special cases of transportation and assignment and its solution, Vogels forward looking penalty method, cell evaluation degeneracy, use of SW Lindo, Tora, Excell.

Unit 2 
Supply chain (SCM): Definition, importance, expenditure and opportunities in SCM; integration of inbound, outbound logistics and manufacturing to SCM, flow of material money and information, difficulties in SCM due to local v/s system wide (global) optimization and uncertainties in demand and transportation; Bull-whip effect; customer value; IT, info-sharing and strategic partnerships; plant and warehouse-network configuration; supply contracts and revenue sharing; outsourcing; transportation, cross docking and distribution, forecasting models in SCM; coordination and leadership issues; change of purchasing role and vendor rating, variability from multiple suppliers.

Unit 3 
Inventory models: Necessity of inventory in process and safety stock, problem of excess inventory and cycle time (=WIP/ Throughput), JIT/ lean mfg; basic EOQ/ EPQ models for constant review Q-system(S,s); periodic review, base stock P-system; service level, lead time variance and safety stock;; ABC, VED and other analysis based on shelf life, movement, size, MRP technique and calculations, lot sizing in MRP, linking MRP with JIT; evolution of MRP to ERP to SCM and e-business.

Unit 4
(a) Waiting Line Models Introduction, Input process, service mechanism, Queue discipline, single server (M/M/1) average length and times by Littles formula, optimum service rate; basic multiple server models (M/M/s) (b) Competitive strategy: concept and terminology, assumptions, pure and mixed strategies, zero sum games, saddle point, dominance, graphical, algebraic and LP methods for solving game theory problems.

Unit 5:
(a) Decision analysis: decision under certainty, risk probability and uncertainty; Hurwicz criteria; AHP- assigning weight and consistency test of AHP (b) Meta-heuristics Definition of heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms; introduction to Tabu search, Simulated Annealing and Genetic algorithms and solution of traveling salesman and non linear optimization problems



                                ME-706- Minor Project       


Provision of Minor project is made as preparation phase-I for major project or to take it as an independent small project. For details of project see ME-805- Major project                                              



                                     ME-707- Industrial Training    
Objective of Industrial Training The objective of undertaking industrial training is to provide work experience so that student’s engineering knowledge is enhanced and employment prospects are improved. The student should take this course as a window to the real World and should try to learn as much as possible from real life experiences by involving and interacting with industry staff. Industrial training also provides an opportunity to students to select an engineering problem and possibly an industry guide for their Major Project in final semester.

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